Question

Precautions for the use of polyethylene glycol PEG-600?

Answer
2026-05-17 官方文档 聚乙二醇PEG-600

Polyethylene glycol PEG-600 has relatively high overall safety, but special attention must still be paid to eye protection, moisture-proof sealing, keeping away from fire sources and strong oxidants, and complying with basic industrial hygiene practices.

Detailed Explanation

Polyethylene glycol PEG-600 (CAS No.: 25322-68-3) is a non-ionic high molecular compound produced by Guoli Chemical. It appears as a colorless to slightly yellow viscous liquid (waxy solid at low temperatures). The product itself has extremely low toxicity, with an acute oral LD50 in rats greater than 2000 mg\/kg, and it is non-irritating to rabbit skin. However, it is slightly irritating to the eyes, making eye protection the primary task during handling.

PEG-600 has strong hygroscopicity. It will gradually absorb moisture from the air when exposed, affecting the purity and performance of the product. Therefore, the container must be sealed immediately after use. Additionally, although the product is stable in nature, it is combustible at high temperatures or when exposed to open flames. Combustion may release carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and irritating fumes, so it must be kept away from heat sources, fire sources, and strong oxidants (such as peroxides, hypochlorites, permanganates).

Considering that the product's viscosity is closely related to temperature, it is recommended to maintain a uniform ambient temperature during operation and storage, avoiding repeated solidification and melting. In areas with low room temperatures, moderate heating can be applied before use to restore fluidity, but direct heating of the container with an open flame is strictly prohibited. When premixing and dissolving, the product is easily soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone, and low foaming occurs during stirring, which is normal and does not affect usage effectiveness.

Key Physical and Chemical Parameters

ParameterSpecification
AppearanceColorless to slightly yellow transparent liquid (waxy solid at low temperature)
Molecular Weight570-630
Hydroxyl Value178-196 mgKOH\/g
pH (1% aqueous solution)5.0~7.0
Density1.11~1.13
Kinematic Viscosity (40°C)13~17 mm²\/s
Melting Point15~25°C
Flash Point≥220°C
HLB Value19
Water Content≤1.0%
Heavy Metals≤20 mg\/kg
Active Content≥99%

Precautions for Use

1. Moisture-proof and Sealing Management: PEG-600 is highly hygroscopic. After opening and use, the container lid must be tightened immediately. If severe moisture absorption occurs, it will not only affect the active ingredient content but also cause changes in material viscosity or introduce impurities. For long-term storage, it is recommended to use nitrogen sealing or install a drying tube.

2. Eye and Skin Protection: Although it is non-irritating to the skin, the product is slightly irritating to the eyes. Chemical safety goggles should be worn during operation, and it is recommended to use nitrile rubber or polyvinyl alcohol protective gloves. In case of eye contact, immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while holding the eyelids open.

3. Temperature Management: The melting point of this product is between 15~25°C, and it easily solidifies in winter. If melting is required, indirect heating using a water bath is recommended (preferably not exceeding 40°C). Direct heating of the iron drum with steam or an open flame is strictly prohibited to avoid local overheating leading to degradation or rupture. The storage temperature should not exceed 40°C, and direct sunlight should be avoided.

4. Isolation from Incompatible Substances: During storage and use, it must be kept separate from strong oxidants (peroxides, permanganates, etc.), strong acids, and strong bases, maintaining a safe distance. Keep away from food, beverages, and feed.

5. Fire Emergency: In the event of a fire, since this product is combustible, water spray, dry powder, or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers must be used. Never use a concentrated water jet (to avoid splashing of molten material). Firefighters must wear positive-pressure self-contained breathing apparatus.

6. Spill Handling: In case of a spill, prevent it from entering drains. Absorb with inert materials such as sand, vermiculite, etc., and collect in a sealed container. Residual material on the floor can be washed away with plenty of water (since PEG is highly water-soluble), but the washing wastewater must be collected and treated; it must not be directly discharged into the environment.

Application Recommendations

  • Pharmaceutical Applications: With extremely low heavy metal content (≤20 mg\/kg) and purity up to 99%, this product meets pharmaceutical excipient standards and is an excellent water-soluble base for ointments and suppositories.
  • Industrial Formulations: When used as a lubricant in metalworking fluids, the addition amount is usually 5%-20%; as a dispersant in coatings, an addition amount of 0.5%-2% of the total formulation can provide good wetting and anti-settling effects.
  • Premixing Tips: When diluting with water, it is recommended to slowly add PEG-600 to water while stirring. The dissolution process is not vigorous, and the stirring speed should not be too high to avoid excessive foaming.

Notes

Although PEG-600 has low skin irritation, good industrial hygiene practices should still be developed during use. Work clothes should be changed and washed regularly, and eating and drinking are prohibited in the work area. In the case of large-scale ingestion, do not induce vomiting; drink 1-2 glasses of water to dilute and seek medical attention immediately.