Question

Main components of Polyethylene Glycol PEG-600?

Answer
2026-05-17 官方文档 聚乙二醇PEG-600

The main component of Polyethylene Glycol PEG-600 is a high-molecular-weight polymer formed by polycondensation of ethylene oxide and water. The general chemical formula is HO-(CH₂CH₂O)n-H, with an average molecular weight of approximately 570–630.

Detailed Description

Polyethylene Glycol PEG-600 (CAS: 25322-68-3) is a non-ionic high-molecular-weight compound prepared by ring-opening polymerization of ethylene oxide (EO) with water or ethylene glycol. Its molecular backbone consists of repeating ether bonds (-O-) and ethylene (-CH₂CH₂-) units, with a terminal hydroxyl group (-OH) at each end, making it a typical linear polyether polyol.

The "600" in PEG-600 indicates its average molecular weight of approximately 600 (actual range 570–630), corresponding to a degree of polymerization (n) of about 12–14 ethylene oxide units. PEG in this molecular weight range appears as a colorless to slightly yellow viscous liquid at room temperature, and as a waxy solid at low temperatures. It exhibits good water solubility, moisture retention, and lubricity, all of which stem from the hydrogen bonding between the numerous ether oxygen groups in its molecular structure and water molecules.

As a single-component polymer product, PEG-600 contains no other additives. Its core functionality is entirely determined by the physicochemical properties conferred by the molecular chain length (i.e., molecular weight). Different molecular weight grades of PEG (e.g., PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600, PEG-1000, etc.) differ in viscosity, freezing point, hygroscopicity, etc., to meet various application requirements.

Technical Parameters

ParameterValue
Chemical NamePolyethylene Glycol 600 / α-Hydro-ω-hydroxypolyoxyethylene
CAS Number25322-68-3
General FormulaHO-(CH₂CH₂O)n-H
Average Molecular Weight570–630
Degree of Polymerization nApproximately 12–14
Main Functional GroupsTerminal hydroxyl (-OH), ether bond (C-O-C)
Ion TypeNon-ionic
AppearanceColorless to slightly yellow viscous liquid (waxy solid at low temperature)
SolubilityEasily soluble in water, ethanol, and various organic solvents

Application Suggestions

With its unique molecular structure and physicochemical properties, PEG-600 is widely used in multiple industries:

  • Pharmaceutical field: Used as ointment base, suppository base, drop pill carrier, and drug solubilizer, leveraging its excellent water solubility and biocompatibility to improve drug release performance.
  • Personal care products: Used as a humectant and emulsion stabilizer, achieving long-lasting moisture retention through hydrogen bonding between ether oxygen groups and water molecules.
  • Industrial processing: Serves as a lubricant coolant in metalworking fluids, a dispersant in ceramic slurries, and a mold release agent and internal lubricant in rubber and plastic processing.
  • Textile industry: Used as an antistatic agent and fiber softener, forming a hydrophilic film on fiber surfaces to dissipate static charges.
  • Pesticide formulations: Acts as an emulsifying dispersant and penetration enhancer, improving the spreading and penetration ability of spray liquid on targets.

Precautions

This product is non-hazardous, non-irritating to the skin, and mildly irritating to the eyes. It is recommended to wear chemical safety goggles and protective gloves during operation. It should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse, with the container kept tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption, away from strong oxidizers and strong acids and bases.