Question

What is polyethylene glycol PEG-8000? What are its main uses?

Answer
2026-06-06 官方文档 聚乙二醇PEG-8000

Polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 is a high molecular weight nonionic water-soluble polymer, appearing as a white waxy solid or free-flowing powder. With its excellent solubility, lubricity, dispersibility, and chemical stability, it is widely used in numerous industrial fields such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, coatings, textiles, papermaking, rubber, metalworking, agriculture, and biotechnology.

Detailed Description

Polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 (CAS No.: 25322-68-3) is a high molecular weight nonionic surfactant product produced by Guoli Chemical, polymerized from ethylene oxide with a molecular weight of approximately 8000. It appears as a white waxy solid or free-flowing powder, has extremely high solubility in water, forms clear and transparent solutions, and exhibits good compatibility with various organic solvents.

As a nonionic product, PEG-8000 maintains stable performance over a wide pH range and in hard water conditions, without adverse reactions with other components in the system. It has extremely low acute oral toxicity (rat oral LD₅₀ > 50,000 mg/kg), is non-irritating to the skin, and has no sensitizing potential. It is recognized as a low-toxicity, low-irritation safe material.

The core functional characteristics of this product include: excellent emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, and solubilizing capabilities; superior lubricity and mold release properties; good film-forming and moisture retention; and outstanding tolerance to acids, alkalis, and hard water, making it an irreplaceable role in various industrial formulations.

Main Uses

Pharmaceutical Industry: Used as a key component in hydrophilic ointment bases and suppository bases, as well as an efficient water-soluble lubricant and binder for tablets. It can also be used as a thickener in eye drops to prolong drug retention on the ocular surface and improve bioavailability.

Personal Care and Cosmetics: Used as a humectant, lubricant, and emulsion stabilizer in creams, lotions, and cleansing products, providing a moisturizing, non-greasy skin feel while extending product shelf life.

Coatings and Inks: Used as a dispersant for pigments and fillers, improving color development and system fluidity, preventing particle flocculation and sedimentation, and enhancing color uniformity.

Rubber and Plastic Processing: Used as an efficient mold release agent and antistatic agent, forming a uniform isolation layer on the mold surface, improving product surface quality, and enabling smooth demolding.

Metalworking Fluids: Provides excellent boundary lubrication performance, effectively protecting tools and workpieces under demanding conditions such as cutting and grinding, thereby improving machining accuracy.

Textile Industry: Used for warp sizing to increase fiber cohesion and smoothness; also used as an antistatic finishing agent to eliminate static electricity problems during fiber processing.

Papermaking Industry: Used as a coating gloss agent to enhance paper surface smoothness and gloss, improving printability.

Modern Agriculture: Used as an efficient carrier and dispersing aid for water-dispersible granules, promoting rapid disintegration and suspension of pesticide active ingredients, thereby improving efficacy.

Biotechnology: Used in experimental procedures such as protein precipitation and crystallization, cell fusion promotion, and virus concentration.

Technical Parameters

ParameterValue
Product NamePolyethylene Glycol PEG-8000
CAS No.25322-68-3
SynonymsPolyethylene Glycol 8000, PEG 8000, Polyoxyethylene 8000, Macrogol 8000, Carbowax 8000, Polyethylene Oxide 8000
Product TypeNonionic Surfactant
AppearanceWhite waxy solid or free-flowing powder
Molecular WeightApproximately 8000
Water SolubilityHighly soluble in water, forming a clear and transparent solution
Acute Toxicity (Rat Oral LD₅₀)> 50,000 mg/kg
Skin IrritationNon-irritating
SensitizationNon-sensitizing

Application Recommendations

Recommended Application Scenarios: Pharmaceutical preparations (ointments, suppositories, tablet excipients), cosmetic formulations (humectants, emulsion stabilizers), industrial mold release and lubrication, coating dispersion, textile sizing and antistatic treatment, papermaking gloss agents, pesticide water-dispersible granule carriers, biomolecule purification, etc.

Dosage Recommendations: The specific dosage depends on the application field and formulation system; optimization through experiments is recommended. In pharmaceutical tablets as a lubricant, the dosage is typically 0.5%-3%; in cosmetics as a humectant, the dosage is usually 1%-5%.

Precautions

  • Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse, avoiding temperatures consistently above 40°C to prevent product softening and caking.
  • Keep containers sealed, away from fire and heat sources, and avoid co-storage and co-transport with strong oxidizers and strong acids.
  • Wear protective goggles during operation; wear a dust mask in dusty environments; ensure good ventilation in the work area.
  • If accidentally gets into eyes, immediately flush with running water for at least 15 minutes while keeping eyelids open; seek medical attention if irritation persists.
  • Avoid flushing spills into sewers or surface waters.