Question 1

Is Polyethylene Glycol PEG-8000 harmful to the human body? Does it have an impact on the environment?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene Glycol PEG-8000 is a safe material with low toxicity and low irritation. It is relatively friendly to the environment and the human body, and has no obvious harm to humans under standard conditions of use. Detailed Description Polyethylene Glycol PEG-8000 is recognized as a safe chemical raw material with low toxicity and low irritation. According to toxicological data, its acute toxicity is extremely low – the oral LD₅₀ in rats is >50,000 mg/kg, and the dermal LD₅₀ in rabbits is >20,000 mg/kg, classifying it as a practically non-toxic substance. Under specified conditions of use, this product has no skin irritation, only slight eye irritation (may cause transient discomfort and redness), no sensitization (does not cause skin or respiratory allergic reactions), and no genotoxicity (negative in vitro mutagenicity test). There are currently no known reports of carcinogenicity or reproductive/developmental toxicity, showing excellent overall safety performance. From an environmental perspective, PEG-8000 exhibits low toxicity to aquatic organisms and is readily biodegradable, and does not persist or accumulate in the environment for a long time. However, in the event of a large spill, the product should still be prevented from entering sewers or surce waters, and should be recovered or disposed of according to standard emergency procedures to avoid unnecessary burden on the aquatic environment. Technical Parameters Safety IndicatorData Acute Oral Toxicity (Rat LD₅₀)> 50,000 mg/kg Acute Dermal Toxicity (Rabbit LD₅₀)> 20,000 mg/kg Skin IrritationNo irritation Eye IrritationSlight irritation (transient discomfort and redness) Skin/Respiratory SensitizationNo sensitization Mutagenicity (In Vitro)Negative CarcinogenicityNo known carcinogenicity Reproductive ToxicityNo reproductive/developmental toxicity Environmental Toxicity (Aquatic Organisms)Low toxicity BiodegradabilityReadily biodegradable Application Recommendations Given the high safety of PEG-8000, it is widely used in pharmaceuticals (ointment base, suppositories, tablet excipients, ophthalmic thickening agent), cosmetics (moisturizer, emulsion stabilizer), personal care products, food, and biotechnology (protein purification, cell fusion). For industrial applications such as coatings, textiles, and metalworking, no special protection is required under normal operating conditions, but the following basic safety guidelines are recommended for large-scale operations. Precautions Eye Protection: It is recommended to wear protective goggles during operation to avoid direct eye contact. If accidental eye contact occurs, rinse immediately with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. Dust Control: When the product is in powder or solid form, the operating environment should be well-ventilated. In areas where dust is generated, wearing a dust mask and implementing local exhaust ventilation are recommended. Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse. Avoid prolonged temperatures above 40°C to prevent softening and caking. Keep away from strong oxidizers and strong acids. Spill Handling: For small spills, absorb and collect with inert material (e.g., sand, vermiculite). For large spills, collect using non-sparking tools. Avoid flushing into drains or waterways. Firefighting Advice: Combustion may release irritating gases such as carbon monoxide. Firefighters should wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. First Aid: In case of skin contact, wash with plenty of soap and water. If ingested, do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth immediately and seek medical attention.

Question 2

What to do if problems occur during the use of Polyethylene Glycol PEG-8000? How to obtain technical support?

Accepted Answer

If problems occur during the use of Polyethylene Glycol PEG-8000, solutions can be quickly obtained by consulting product technical materials, contacting the Guoli Chemical technical team, and properly documenting problem investigations. Common problems and self-check methods During the use of PEG-8000, most problems can be initially investigated through the following steps: 1. Insufficient dissolution or turbid solution: PEG-8000 is a high molecular weight polymer. It requires thorough stirring and appropriate heating (recommended 40-60°C warm water) during dissolution, and the dissolution time is longer than that of low molecular weight PEG products. If the solution becomes turbid, check if the water hardness is too high or if other incompatible components have been mixed in. 2. Product caking or moisture absorption: PEG-8000 has certain hygroscopicity. If the storage temperature consistently exceeds 40°C or the packaging seal is inadequate, the product may soften and cake. Caking does not affect chemical properties and can be used after crushing, but it is recommended to improve storage conditions—cool, dry, well-ventilated, and seal the container immediately after use. 3. Incompatibility with other formulation components: PEG-8000 is non-ionic and has high chemical stability, but it should be avoided for use with strong oxidants and strong acids. If precipitation or stratification occurs in the formulation, it is recommended to check the compatibility of each component one by one, focusing on the impact of ionic surctants or high-concentration salts. 4. Application effects not as expected: Check the recommended dosage—dosage varies greatly across different application fields. For example, as a tablet lubricant, the recommended addition amount is usually 1-5%; as a paint dispersant, it is usually 0.5-3% of the pigment amount. Inappropriate dosage may directly affect the effect. Technical parameters ParameterTypical value/Description Product namePolyethylene Glycol PEG-8000 CAS number25322-68-3 AppearanceWhite waxy solid or free-flowing powder TypeNon-ionic water-soluble polymer SolubilityExtremely high solubility in water, compatible with various organic solvents pH stabilityStable performance over a wide pH range Hard water toleranceExcellent Acute toxicity (rat oral)LD₅₀ > 50,000 mg/kg Skin irritationNon-irritating Application recommendations For usage issues in different fields, refer to the following reference solutions: Pharmaceutical applications: When used as an ointment base, PEG-8000 is often used in combination with PEG-400 or PEG-4000 to adjust consistency; the addition amount for tablet lubricants is generally controlled at 1-5%, excessive amount may affect tablet disintegration. Cosmetic applications: As a humectant and thickener, recommended usage is 0.5-5%. It can be pre-dissolved in a small amount of warm water before adding to the main formulation to avoid caking. Industrial applications: For rubber mold release agent, it is recommended to prepare a 5-15% aqueous solution; for metalworking fluid lubricant additive, a 1-10% addition ratio is recommended. Biotechnology applications: For protein precipitation, the concentration should be optimized according to the molecular weight of the target protein, typically gradient tested in the range of 6-20% (w/v). Precautions It is recommended to wear protective goggles during operation, and wear a dust mask in dusty environments Avoid contact with strong oxidants, keep away from fire and heat sources Avoid storage temperatures consistently above 40°C to prevent product softening and caking Contaminated clothing should be washed before reuse In case of major spills, collect with non-sparking tools, avoid flushing into drains How to obtain Guoli Chemical technical support Official technical consultation channels (recommended to directly contact Hai'an County Guoli Chemical Co., Ltd.): Call Guoli Chemical's official customer service hotline or sales hotline, provide the product batch number and specific issues Leave a message on the company's official website or send an email with a detailed problem description, including the product batch number, usage conditions, and observed phenomena Contact your supplying distributor or regional sales representative, who will coordinate technical personnel to assist you Please prepare the following information before submitting the problem to accelerate response: Product batch number (marked on the packaging bag), purchase date, storage conditions, specific application field, formulation system overview, detailed description of the problem phenomenon (preferably with photos), and troubleshooting measures already taken. Complete information helps the technical team quickly locate the problem and provide precise solutions. For emergencies (such as leakage, ingestion, eye contact, etc.), please refer to the first aid measures in the product safety data sheet and seek medical attention immediately.

Question 3

How to purchase polyethylene glycol PEG-8000? What is the minimum order quantity?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 currently has no publicly fixed price or minimum order quantity. For specific procurement matters, please directly contact the Guoli Chemical sales team for the latest quotation and ordering policy. Detailed Description Polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 (CAS No.: 25322-68-3) is one of the core bulk products of Guoli Chemical, widely used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, coatings, textiles, papermaking, and other industrial fields. Due to the ct that raw material prices are affected by multiple ctors such as raw material costs, market supply and demand, order batch size, and logistics distance, the company adopts a flexible pricing mechanism of negotiation case by case and does not publicly display fixed selling prices on the website. The reference quotation unit shown in the database is "RMB\/ton", but the specific execution price is subject to the formal quotation provided by the sales personnel. Regarding the minimum order quantity (MOQ), the Guoli Chemical database currently has no uniform minimum order quantity limit parameter. In practice, the MOQ usually depends on the packaging specifications, inventory situation, and customer demand of the product. In terms of packaging configuration, this product is available in two standard packaging forms: 200kg steel drum and 50kg plastic drum. Small samples or small batch requirements can be coordinated with the sales team to confirm feasibility; for large-scale industrial procurement, pricing is based on tonnage, and better bulk discounts can be obtained. Purchasing Process Inquiry and Contact: Contact the sales customer service department through the official Guoli Chemical website, WeChat, or phone, specifying the required product name (polyethylene glycol PEG-8000), purity grade, estimated quantity, and intended use. Obtain Quotation: The sales personnel will tailor a quotation plan based on your needs, including product unit price, freight, delivery time, and other detailed information. Confirm Order: After both parties reach an agreement on price, quantity, delivery time, payment method, and other terms, sign a formal purchase and sales contract. Shipping and After-sales Service: Arrange logistics for shipment according to the agreed time, and provide corresponding quality inspection reports (COA) and technical support services. Packaging Specifications Packaging TypeSpecificationApplicable Scenario Steel Drum200kg\/drumLarge batch industrial procurement, long-term stable production Plastic Drum50kg\/drumSmall to medium batch demand, laboratory or pilot scale Precautions Storage temperature of this product should avoid continuous exposure above 40°C to prevent the waxy solid from softening and agglomerating, affecting subsequent use. It is recommended to request a product sample for formula compatibility testing before purchasing to ensure it meets application requirements before ordering in bulk. Major domestic industrial customers typically place orders by the ton to obtain the best price; quantities for research and pilot testing can be negotiated separately. The above price reference information is updated as of June 2026, and the actual price is subject to the latest quotation from the sales team.

Question 4

Is polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 environmentally friendly? Can a test report be provided?

Accepted Answer

Guoli Chemical's polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 meets environmental requirements, with its core advantages being easy biodegradability and low toxicity to aquatic organisms. Detailed Explanation Polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 is a recognized environmentally friendly chemical raw material. According to the toxicological and ecotoxicological data from the Guoli Chemical product database, this product exhibits low toxicity to aquatic organisms and is readily biodegradable. This means that under normal use and discharge conditions, PEG-8000 will not persist in natural water environments and can be decomposed by microorganisms into harmless substances, aligning with current mainstream green chemistry and sustainable development concepts. Furthermore, based on the product's own safety assessment, the acute oral toxicity test of PEG-8000 in rats shows an LD₅₀ greater than 50,000 mg/kg, classifying it as a practically non-toxic substance; skin irritation and sensitization tests both yielded negative results, with no reports of genotoxicity or carcinogenicity. These data further indicate that the product poses an extremely low risk to human health and the environment throughout its life cycle, making it safe for use in fields with stringent purity and environmental requirements, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal care products. Environmental and Ecological Data The following is a summary of the key environmental technical parameters for polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 from the Guoli Chemical product database: Test ItemData/Conclusion Aquatic ToxicityLow toxicity BiodegradabilityReadily biodegradable Acute Oral Toxicity (Rat)LD₅₀ > 50,000 mg/kg (Low toxicity) Skin IrritationNon-irritating SensitizationNon-sensitizing Mutagenicity (In Vitro)Negative Heavy Metal Content≤10 mg/kg Arsenic Content≤2 mg/kg Regarding Test Reports Regarding your inquiry about product test reports (such as RoHS, REACH, MSDS, COA, etc.), currently, the Guoli Chemical product database does not provide electronic versions or specific file numbers for such third-party test reports. Typically, these specialized test reports need to be customized based on the customer's procurement requirements, target market regulations (e.g., EU REACH requirements), and product batches. Suggested Ways to Obtain Contact Sales Department: It is recommended that you directly contact the sales or technical application department of Hai'an Guoli Chemical Co., Ltd. and inform them of the specific testing standards you require (e.g., RoHS 2.0, REACH SVHC compliance, USP/NF pharmacopoeia standards, etc.). They will provide you with the official COA or third-party certification documents for the corresponding batch. Request Samples for Testing: If you have strict internal standards for specific environmental indicators, you can request a small batch of samples for verification by a designated third-party testing agency (e.g., SGS, TÜV Rheinland, etc.). Guoli Chemical provides product technical support to coordinate with relevant tests.

Question 5

What are the advantages of polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 compared to other similar products?

Accepted Answer

The core advantage of polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 lies in its high molecular weight (7000~9000), which brings a unique solid physical form, excellent film-forming and lubricating properties, and extremely high safety (LD₅₀ > 50,000 mg/kg), making it irreplaceable by low molecular weight PEG in the fields of medicine, biotechnology, and high-end industry. Detailed Explanation Compared with low molecular weight polyethylene glycols (such as PEG-400, PEG-600, PEG-4000, etc.), the most significant difference of PEG-8000 lies in its physical form and mechanical properties. According to data from Guoli Chemical, PEG-8000 is a white waxy solid with a melting range of 55~63℃, maintaining a solid structure at room temperature. This characteristic gives it a natural advantage in applications such as tablet lubricants, suppository bases, and water-soluble films—low molecular weight PEGs are mostly liquids or low-melting-point semi-solids and cannot provide equivalent mechanical strength and formability. Meanwhile, the viscosity of a 5% aqueous solution of PEG-8000 is about 5 mPa·s (25℃), much higher than that of low molecular weight PEG, imparting more ideal thickening and suspending capabilities to the formulation. In terms of safety and biocompatibility, PEG-8000 also leads similar products. Its oral LD₅₀ in rats exceeds 50,000 mg/kg, with no skin irritation, no sensitization, no reproductive toxicity, negative in vitro mutagenicity tests, and low toxicity to aquatic organisms with easy biodegradability. In contrast, some low molecular weight PEGs have slightly higher safety risks due to trace residues of ethylene oxide or diethylene glycol; while other types of surctants (such as anionic LAS, cationic quaternary ammonium salts) are r inferior to PEG-8000 in irritation and ecotoxicity. This makes it one of the preferred excipients in the pharmaceutical and personal care fields. From the perspective of functional diversity, PEG-8000 has an HLB value as high as 19.3 and a cloud point exceeding 100℃, making it perform excellently in extremely hydrophilic applications. Compared with polypropylene glycol (PPG) or tty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO) nonionic surctants, PEG-8000 not only possesses emulsifying and dispersing capabilities but also has multiple functions such as film-forming, adhesion, moisture retention, mold release, and protein precipitation. In the biotechnology field, the application of PEG-8000 as a protein crystallizing agent and cell fusion promoter is almost impossible to achieve with other conventional surctants. Technical Parameters Comparison DimensionPEG-8000 (Guoli Chemical)Low Molecular Weight PEG (e.g., PEG-400/4000)Other Nonionic Surctants (e.g., AEO Series) Molecular Weight Range7000~9000380~420 / 3000~5000Typically 300~1500 Appearance FormWhite waxy solidColorless liquid or waxy solidLiquid to paste Melting Point55~63℃4~8℃ / 50~58℃Mostly liquid HLB Value19.3Approximately 13~188~15 Water SolubilityVery high, easily soluble in waterEasily solubleVaries with HLB Cloud Point>100℃>100℃40~100℃ varying Foam CharacteristicLow foamingLow foamingMedium to high foaming Solid Content≥99%≥99%Typically 70~99% Acute Toxicity (Oral LD₅₀)>50,000 mg/kg30,000~50,000 mg/kgWidely varies (some toxic) Hydroxyl Value (mg KOH/g)12~16Approximately 25~40 (PEG-4000)Large variation range Flash Point>240℃>200℃Generally lower (Data source: Guoli Chemical product database; other product data are industry typical values) Application Suggestions Pharmaceutical Field (Preferred Scenario): The high melting point (55~63℃) and solid-state characteristic of PEG-8000 make it an ideal choice for water-soluble lubricants in tablets and suppository bases, offering higher mechanical strength and more controllable drug release rate compared to PEG-4000. Recommended dosage: 0.5%~3% for tablet lubricants, 5%~30% for suppository bases. Biotechnology (Unique Advantage Scenario): In protein purification and virus concentration, PEG-8000 gently induces precipitation of biological macromolecules through the volume exclusion effect without affecting activity. This is an application irreplaceable by low molecular weight PEG (excessive osmotic pressure) and other types of surctants (may denature proteins). Recommended concentration: 5%~15% for protein precipitation. Cosmetics (High Safety Scenario): Benefiting from its proven non-irritating, non-sensitizing, and high moisturizing ability, PEG-8000 is suitable for sensitive skin care and baby product formulations, with better stability than low molecular weight PEG. Recommended dosage: 1%~5% as a moisturizer. Industrial Mold Release and Lubrication: The solid film-forming ability and low foaming property of PEG-8000 give it advantages over liquid PEG or traditional mineral oil-based lubricants in high-temperature rubber mold release and metalworking fluids, with no residual fumes and easy cleaning. Precautions PEG-8000 is slightly hygroscopic. After opening, it should be sealed and stored, avoiding continuous storage temperatures above 40℃ to prevent softening and caking. Under extremely high shear or high temperature (>240℃) conditions, avoid contact with strong oxidizers to prevent decomposition risk. Although extremely safe, it is still recommended to wear a dust mask in operating environments generating dust to avoid prolonged inhalation of dust. When preparing aqueous solutions, slowly add and stir to prevent clumping; warm water can accelerate dissolution. In protein precipitation applications, strictly control concentration and temperature; excessive concentration may lead to nonspecific precipitation.

Question 6

How to store Polyethylene Glycol PEG-8000? What is the shelf life?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene Glycol PEG-8000 should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated warehouse, kept sealed, away from heat sources. The recommended shelf life is 2 years (under compliant storage conditions). Detailed Description Polyethylene Glycol PEG-8000 is a high molecular weight nonionic water-soluble polymer with stable chemical properties. However, due to its certain hygroscopicity and thermal sensitivity, storage conditions directly affect product quality. Under improper storage conditions (such as high temperature, humidity, or open exposure), the product may experience softening, caking, moisture absorption degradation, or color darkening, affecting subsequent use. Regarding shelf life, the product database does not currently provide official shelf life data. Based on industry practices and the physicochemical characteristics of this type of product, under strict compliance with storage conditions, the recommended shelf life for Polyethylene Glycol PEG-8000 is generally 2 years. It is recommended to follow the "first in, first out" principle and inspect the appearance (should be white waxy solid or free-flowing powder) before use. If significant discoloration, caking, or off-odor is found, discontinue use. Storage Condition Requirements Storage ElementSpecific Requirements Ambient TemperatureAvoid sustained temperatures above 40°C to prevent product softening and caking; store in a cool environment Ambient HumidityKeep dry to prevent product moisture absorption Ventilation ConditionsWell-ventilated warehouse Container SealingKeep container sealed; reseal immediately after use Items to AvoidAway from fire sources and heat sources; avoid co-storage and co-transport with strong oxidizers and strong acids Packaging MethodUse woven bags with inner plastic lining, fiber drums, or stainless steel containers for packaging Application Recommendations Seal the packaging immediately after each use to minimize the time the product is exposed to air. If the product has been opened and not used for a long time, it is recommended to conduct small-batch tests before use to confirm its solubility, color, and performance are normal. For applications in fields with strict quality requirements such as pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, it is recommended to use within 6 months after opening to ensure optimal performance. Precautions Avoid prolonged inhalation of dust; wear a dust mask if dust is generated during operation Avoid direct contact with eyes In case of accidental spillage, small amounts can be absorbed and collected using inert materials (such as sand or vermiculite); for large spills, use non-sparking tools to collect, avoiding discharge into drains Although the product is low-toxicity, it should still be stored away from children and unrelated personnel For products exceeding the recommended shelf life, it is recommended to conduct performance re-inspection before deciding whether to continue use

Question 7

What are the safety precautions to be aware of when using polyethylene glycol PEG-8000?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 generally has high safety, being a low-toxicity, low-irritation material. However, basic industrial hygiene practices must still be followed, with particular attention to dust protection, avoidance of contact with strong oxidizers, and proper storage and emergency handling. Detailed Explanation Polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 is recognized as a safe material with low toxicity and low irritation. According to toxicological data, its oral LD₅₀ in rats is greater than 50,000 mg\/kg, and dermal LD₅₀ in rabbits is greater than 20,000 mg\/kg. Under specified usage conditions, it is non-irritating to the skin, causes only mild eye irritation, and has no reported sensitization or genotoxicity. This gives PEG-8000 a broad foundation for safe application in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food-related industries. Although PEG-8000 itself is chemically stable, during actual use and storage, attention must still be paid to dust issues caused by its physical form (powder\/solid) and potential risks from contact with incompatible substances (such as strong oxidizers). Proper handling and storage methods can maximize operational safety and product quality. Safe Handling Guidelines Personal Protection Wear appropriate safety goggles during operation to avoid direct contact with eyes. Wash hands after handling and maintain good personal hygiene practices. In operations where dust is generated, it is recommended to wear a dust mask. Eating, drinking, or smoking is prohibited in the workplace. Contaminated clothing must be washed before reuse. Operating Environment Requirements Ensure good ventilation in the work area to avoid dust formation and accumulation. If dust is generated, take local exhaust ventilation measures. Avoid contact with strong oxidizers during operation. Follow general industrial hygiene practices during handling. Storage Conditions Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated warehouse. Keep containers tightly sealed, away from sources of ignition and heat. Storage temperature should be kept below 40°C to prevent product softening and caking. Avoid storing and transporting together with strong oxidizers and strong acids. It is recommended to use woven bags lined with plastic bags, fiberboard drums, or stainless steel containers for packaging; containers should be resealed immediately after use. Emergency Response Spill Handling Small spill: Absorb with inert material (such as sand, vermiculite) and collect in a sealed container for disposal. Large spill: Restrict personnel access and set up warning signs. Use non-sparking tools to collect the spilled material, either for recovery or transport to a waste disposal site. Avoid flushing the spilled material into sewers or surce waters. Firefighting Measures Suitable extinguishing media: Water spray, dry powder, alcohol-resistant foam, or carbon dioxide. Firefighters must wear self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Note: Combustion may release irritating and toxic gases, including carbon monoxide and other incompletely identified organic compounds. First Aid Measures Route of ExposureAction to Take InhalationMove the person to fresh air. If symptoms of discomfort occur, seek medical attention. Skin contactImmediately wash the affected area with plenty of soap and water. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. Eye contactImmediately flush with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. IngestionIf the person is conscious, rinse the mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting; seek medical attention immediately. Toxicological Data Summary Toxicological ParameterResult Acute oral toxicity (rat)LD₅₀ > 50,000 mg\/kg (low toxicity) Acute dermal toxicity (rabbit)LD₅₀ > 20,000 mg\/kg Skin irritationNon-irritating Eye irritationMildly irritating, may cause temporary discomfort and redness SensitizationNon-sensitizing Mutagenicity (in vitro)Negative CarcinogenicityNo known carcinogenicity Reproductive toxicityNo reproductive or developmental toxicity Environmental hazardLow toxicity to aquatic organisms, readily biodegradable Precautions Although PEG-8000 has a high safety profile, two points still require special attention: first, the powder form tends to generate dust during handling, and long-term inhalation may cause respiratory discomfort; be sure to implement good ventilation and dust control measures. Second, the product may soften and cake in high-temperature environments (continuously above 40°C), affecting performance; therefore, special attention should be given to warehouse temperature control during summer or in hot regions.

Question 8

How to use polyethylene glycol PEG-8000? What is the recommended addition amount?

Accepted Answer

The usage method of polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 varies depending on the application field, and there is no fixed standard for its recommended addition amount. It needs to be determined through experiments based on the formulation system and final performance requirements. Detailed Explanation Polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 (CAS number: 25322-68-3) is a high molecular weight non-ionic water-soluble polymer, appearing as a white waxy solid or powder at room temperature. The core of its usage method lies in sufficient dissolution or melting. In most applications, PEG-8000 must first be dissolved in water or the aqueous phase of the formulation. Due to its melting point range of 55~63°C, for systems where direct dissolution is not possible, it usually needs to be heated to above its melting point to melt, and then mixed with other components. For example, in the preparation of pharmaceutical ointment bases or suppositories, the melting method is often used; in coatings, textile sizing agents, or metalworking fluids, it can be slowly added to warm water (40~50°C) while stirring to form a transparent solution before use. As a tablet lubricant, it can be directly mixed with drug granules in powder form. As for the recommended addition amount, since the Guoli Chemical database does not have fixed addition ratios for various application fields, the dosage in industrial formulations is usually optimized through orthogonal experiments or gradient tests. The following are reference ranges of dosage based on typical industry practices and chemical properties. Users should treat these as starting points for initial testing. An addition amount that is too low may il to achieve the desired effect (e.g., insufficient lubrication, inadequate moisturizing), while an amount that is too high may disrupt the system's viscosity, rheology, or cost-effectiveness. For instance, excessive use in cosmetics may cause a sticky feel, while in coatings it may affect the water resistance of the paint film. Application Suggestions With its excellent solubility, lubricity, and chemical stability, PEG-8000 has typical usage methods and reference dosages in different industries as follows: Pharmaceuticals (Tablet Lubricant): Add directly to the formulation in powder form, mix evenly, and then compress into tablets. Suggested initial test amount: 0.5% ~ 3% (based on total tablet weight). Pharmaceuticals (Ointment\/Suppository Base): Melt and incorporate the drug, mix evenly, and cool to set. Suggested dosage: 10% ~ 50% (based on total formulation weight, often compounded with other molecular weight PEGs to adjust melting point). Cosmetics (Humectant\/Thickener): Add during the heating phase of the aqueous phase, stir to dissolve, and then participate in emulsification. Suggested initial test amount: 0.5% ~ 5% (based on total formulation weight). Coatings and Inks (Pigment Dispersant): First dissolve in water or grinding medium, then add pigment for grinding and dispersion. Suggested dosage: 0.2% ~ 1% (based on pigment weight). Rubber and Plastics (Mold Release Agent): Usually prepared as an aqueous solution and sprayed onto the hot mold surce, utilizing high temperature to form a uniform isolation film. Suggested solution concentration: 5% ~ 15%. Metalworking Fluids (Lubricant): Directly add to the concentrate or working fluid and stir to dissolve. Suggested dosage: 1% ~ 10% (based on concentrate weight). Textiles (Warp Sizing Agent): Mix with main sizing agents such as starch or PVA in the sizing kettle and cook. Suggested dosage: 2% ~ 8% (based on total sizing liquid weight). The above dosages are general reference values. Please refer to the experimental evaluation by Guoli Chemical technicians for the specific addition amount. Precautions Dissolution Operation: It is recommended to use warm water at 40~50°C and continuous stirring during dissolution. Avoid directly adding cold water to a large amount of powder to prevent clumping. If hot water (>70°C) is used, dissolution will be ster, but care should be taken to avoid steam contact. Storage Effects: This product is slightly hygroscopic, and storage temperature should avoid continuous exposure above 40°C; otherwise, it may soften and cake, affecting weighing and use. It is recommended to seal immediately after taking out from the original packaging. Compatibility: PEG-8000 is chemically stable, resistant to acids, alkalis, and hard water, but should avoid coexisting with strong oxidizing agents in the same system to prevent degradation.

Question 9

In which industries and processes is polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 mainly used?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene glycol PEG-8000, with its excellent nonionic surce activity, water solubility, and chemical stability, is widely used in more than ten industries including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, coatings and inks, rubber and plastics, metalworking, textiles, papermaking, agriculture, and biotechnology. It is an indispensable multifunctional additive in industrial formulations. Detailed Description Polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 (CAS: 25322-68-3) is a high molecular weight, nonionic, water-soluble polymer, appearing as a white waxy solid or free-flowing powder. Its molecular structure imparts excellent emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, solubilizing, and lubricating properties, along with outstanding tolerance to acidic and alkaline environments and hard water, allowing it to maintain stable functional performance across a wide pH range and under complex water quality conditions. In the pharmaceutical industry, PEG-8000 plays a key role and is used as a hydrophilic ointment base, suppository base, water-soluble lubricant and binder for tablets, thickener for eye drops, etc., ensuring uniform release of active ingredients and improving bioavailability. In personal care and cosmetics, it is widely used as a humectant, lubricant, and emulsifying stabilizer in creams, lotions, and cleansing products, providing a moisturizing yet non-greasy skin feel. In biotechnology, PEG-8000 is commonly used for protein precipitation and crystallization, promotion of cell fusion (e.g., hybridoma production), and gentle concentration and purification of viruses, making it an irreplaceable key reagent in the laboratory. In industrial applications, PEG-8000 is widely used as a pigment dispersant in paints and inks, an efficient mold release agent and antistatic agent in rubber and plastics processing, a boundary lubricant in metalworking fluids, a warp sizing agent and antistatic finishing agent in textiles, a coating gloss agent in papermaking, a ceramic forming binder, and an efficient carrier and dispersing aid for water-dispersible granules (WDG) in agriculture. Additionally, it can be used as a raw material for water-soluble films and environmentally friendly adhesives, suitable for emerging applications such as eco-friendly packaging and water-soluble labels. Technical Parameters ParameterDescription Product NamePolyethylene Glycol PEG-8000 CAS No.25322-68-3 AppearanceWhite waxy solid or free-flowing powder Ionic TypeNonionic surctant Water SolubilityVery high solubility, forms clear transparent solution pH AdaptabilityStable performance over a wide pH range Hard Water ToleranceExcellent, unaffected by hard water Acute Toxicity (Oral LD₅₀ in Rats)> 50,000 mg/kg (low toxicity) Skin IrritationNon-irritating BiodegradabilityReadily biodegradable Application Suggestions According to the Guoli Chemical Product Database, PEG-8000 has clear application schemes in the following industries and processes: Pharmaceutical Industry: Water-soluble ointment base, suppository base, tablet lubricant and disintegrant, eye drop thickener. Cosmetics: Humectant, emulsifying stabilizer, viscosity modifier, suitable for creams, lotions, and cleansing products. Paints and Inks: Dispersant for pigments and fillers, improving color development and system fluidity, preventing particle flocculation and sedimentation. Rubber and Plastics Processing: Efficient mold release agent and antistatic agent, forming a uniform release layer on the mold surce. Metalworking Fluids: Provides boundary lubrication performance for harsh operations such as cutting and grinding. Textile Industry: Warp sizing agent to increase fiber cohesion and smoothness, also used as an antistatic finishing agent. Papermaking Industry: Coating gloss agent to improve paper smoothness and gloss, as well as pulp dispersant. Modern Agriculture: Carrier and dispersing aid for water-dispersible granules (WDG), promoting rapid disintegration and suspension of pesticide active ingredients. Biotechnology: Protein precipitation and crystallization agent, cell fusion promoter, virus concentration. Others: Raw material for water-soluble films and adhesives, ceramic forming binder. Precautions Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse. Avoid continuous temperatures above 40°C to prevent product softening and caking. Keep containers sealed and away from fire and heat sources. Handling Protection: In dusty environments, wear a dust mask and safety glasses. Wash hands after handling and ensure good ventilation in the work area. Compatibility: Avoid co-storage and co-transport with strong oxidizers and strong acids to prevent product degradation or adverse reactions. First Aid: In case of eye contact, rinse immediately with flowing water for at least 15 minutes. For skin contact, wash with plenty of soap and water. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Question 10

What are the physicochemical technical parameters of polyethylene glycol PEG-8000?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 is a high molecular weight non-ionic water-soluble polymer whose physicochemical parameters include molecular weight, hydroxyl value, melting point, pH value, and many other key indicators. Detailed Description Polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 (CAS No.: 25322-68-3) is a high-quality non-ionic surctant produced by Guoli Chemical. It appears as a white waxy solid or free-flowing powder. Its molecular formula is HO(C2H4O)nH, with a degree of polymerization n of approximately 70~200 and a molecular weight range of 7000~9000. The product has a content of 99% or higher, with excellent solubility, chemical stability, and biocompatibility. The HLB value of this product is as high as 19.3, making it a strongly hydrophilic surctant. It has extremely high solubility in water, forming a clear and transparent solution. Its melting point range is 55~63°C, refractive index is 1.453~1.457 (measured at 70°C), and density is 1.15~1.20 g/cm³ (25°C). The low shear viscosity of a 5% aqueous solution is approximately 5 mPa·s (25°C), with a flash point greater than 240°C. It is a low-foaming product with extremely low foamability. In terms of quality indicators, the acid value of PEG-8000 is controlled below 0.5, saponification value is less than 1, moisture content does not exceed 1.0%, free alcohol content does not exceed 0.1%, and heavy metals and arsenic contents are controlled below 10 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg respectively. These strict quality control parameters ensure the product's applicability in high-demand fields such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and biotechnology. Technical Parameters Parameter CategoryParameter NameSpecification/Value Basic InformationCAS No.25322-68-3 Molecular FormulaHO(C2H4O)nH, n≈70~200 Physical PropertiesAppearanceWhite waxy solid Molecular Weight7000~9000 Melting Point55~63°C Physicochemical IndicatorsHydroxyl Value12~16 mgKOH/g Acid Value≤0.5 mgKOH/g Saponification Value<1 Iodine Value<1 UnsaturationSaturated Solution PropertiespH of 1% Aqueous Solution5.0~7.0 pH of 5% Aqueous Solution4.5~7.5 Viscosity of 5% Aqueous Solution (25°C)Approximately 5 mPa·s Surce PropertiesHLB Value19.3 Surce Tension63~68 mN/m Purity IndicatorsActive Content/Solid Content≥99% Moisture≤1.0% Free Alcohol≤0.1% Optical and ThermalRefractive Index (70°C)1.453~1.457 Flash Point>240°C Other CharacteristicsDensity (25°C)1.15~1.20 g/cm³ Cloud Point>100°C Safety IndicatorsHeavy Metals≤10 mg/kg Arsenic≤2 mg/kg Ion TypeIon TypeNon-ionic SolubilitySolubilityEasily soluble in water Foam PerformanceFoam PerformanceLow foaming HygroscopicityHygroscopicitySlightly hygroscopic Chemical StabilityChemical StabilityStable, avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents Alkali ResistanceAlkali ResistanceStable against alkalis Packaging SpecificationsPackaging200 kg iron drum, 50 kg plastic drum Application Suggestions Based on the above technical parameters, PEG-8000 has significant advantages in the following scenarios: In the pharmaceutical field, its high purity and low acid value ensure safety as an ointment base and tablet excipient; in biotechnology, the molecular weight range of 7000~9000 is particularly suitable for protein precipitation and crystallization operations; in cosmetic formulations, the HLB value of 19.3 with strong hydrophilicity makes it an ideal O/W emulsion stabilizer; in industrial applications, its excellent lubricity and chemical stability make it suitable for metalworking fluids and rubber mold release agents. Precautions PEG-8000 is slightly hygroscopic. After use, ensure the container is sealed promptly to prevent moisture absorption and caking. Storage temperature should avoid sustained exposure above 40°C, otherwise it may cause the product to soften and cake. The surce tension parameter (63~68 mN/m) is relatively high. If a lower system surce tension is required, consider compounding with other low surce tension surctants. The product is low-foaming and not suitable for applications requiring high foamability. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) test result is "none", indicating that the product

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Property	Value
CAS No.	25322-68-3
Molecular Formula	HO(C2H4O)nH, n≈70~200
Appearance	White waxy solid
Ionic Type	Nonionic
Avg. Molecular Weight	(MW)：7000~9000
Cloud Point	>100°C
Active Content	≥99%
pH Value(1%)	5.0~7.0
pH Value(5%)	4.5~7.5
Iodine Value	<1
Solubility	Readily soluble in water
Surface Tension	63~68
Acid Value	≤0.5
Saponification Value	<1
Hydroxyl Value	12~16
Moisture	≤1.0
Density	1.15~1.20 (25°C)
Kinematic Viscosity	N/A (solid)
Refractive Index	1.453~1.457 (70°C)
Flash Point	>240°C
Hygroscopicity	Slightly hygroscopic
Chemical Stability	Stable; avoid contact with strong oxidizers
Foam Property	Low foam
Alkali Resistance	Good alkali stability
Unsaturation	Saturated
Viscosity	400~600 mm²/s(100℃)
Melting Point	55~63
Low Shear Viscosity	5%aq. soln.：~5 mPa·s(25℃)
Solid Content	≥99%
Free Alcohol	≤0.1%
Heavy Metal	≤10 mg/kg
Arsenic	≤2 mg/kg