Question

How to use Tween 60? What is the recommended dosage?

Answer
2026-06-06 官方文档 吐温T-60

Tween 60 is an oil-in-water (O/W) type nonionic emulsifier. When using, it is generally dissolved in warm water or directly added to the oil phase/water phase with stirring. The recommended dosage varies by industry, typically between 0.1% and 5%.

Detailed Description

Tween 60 (Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate, CAS No.: 9005-67-8) is a nonionic surfactant with an HLB value of 14.9 and strong hydrophilicity. It is mainly used as an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsifier and solubilizer. The product appears as a light yellow to amber viscous liquid or paste at room temperature (solidification point approximately 20~25°C). If solidification or stratification occurs before use, this is normal; simply heat to 25~35°C and stir evenly to restore the fluid state without affecting product performance. It is easily soluble in water and most organic solvents and can be used in combination with anionic, cationic, and other nonionic surfactants, exhibiting excellent compatibility.

The basic method of use is to add Tween 60 to the water phase, stir to dissolve, and then mix with the oil phase for emulsification. Alternatively, it can be first mixed with oil-soluble components and then added to water for emulsification. For solubilization purposes (e.g., solubilizing flavors or essential oils), Tween 60 is usually premixed with the substance to be solubilized in a certain proportion, and then water is slowly added with stirring until a transparent state is achieved. According to the product parameters from the Guoli Chemical Database, its critical micelle concentration (CMC) is approximately 0.003% (w/v), surface tension is 42~45 mN/m (1% aqueous solution), and the cloud point of a 1% aqueous solution is 76~78°C. The emulsification performance is stable during low to medium temperature operations. It has a wide pH application range (pH of 1% aqueous solution is 5.0~7.0) and maintains functional stability under mild acidic and alkaline conditions.

Application Recommendations

Below are recommended dosage ranges based on common industry practices (the Guoli Chemical Database does not provide specific dosage values for each application field; the following are industry empirical reference values):

Application FieldUseRecommended Dosage (% of total formulation weight)Usage Instructions
Food IndustryEmulsifier, stabilizer0.1%~0.5%Dissolve in the water phase, then mix with oil phase for emulsification. Used in ice cream, baking fats, coffee creamers, etc.
Cosmetics/Personal CareEmulsifier1%~5%Add to the water phase, heat to 70~75°C, then homogenize with the oil phase. Used in creams and lotions.
Cosmetics/Personal CareSolubilizer (flavors/essential oils)Solubilizate:T-60 ≈ 1:3~1:5First mix Tween 60 with the flavor/essential oil evenly, then slowly add water until transparent.
Pharmaceutical PreparationsSolubilizer, emulsifier0.5%~5%Used in oral solutions, ointment bases. Dissolve in the water phase or add directly to the formulation.
Textile IndustryAntistatic agent, wetting agent0.2%~1%Prepare working solution for use during spinning or finishing processes.
Pesticide FormulationsEmulsifier3%~8%Used in emulsifiable concentrate or water emulsion formulations. Better results when compounded with other emulsifiers.
Plastics and PolymersInternal lubricant, antistatic agent0.1%~0.5%Add directly to the resin during mixing or plasticizing stages.

Precautions

  • Pre-treatment before addition: If the product solidifies or becomes cloudy due to low temperature, place the container in a 25~35°C warm water bath to preheat and stir until uniformly transparent. Do not use open flames for heating.
  • HLB value matching: Tween 60 has an HLB value of 14.9, suitable for oil-in-water emulsion systems. To prepare emulsions with different oil phases or greater stability, it is recommended to combine with low-HLB emulsifiers (such as Span series) to achieve the target HLB value.
  • Addition order: Generally, dissolve in the water phase first, then mix with the oil phase. If used as a solubilizer, premix Tween 60 with the substance to be solubilized before adding water to achieve optimal transparency.
  • Storage conditions: This product is hygroscopic; seal tightly after opening. Recommended storage temperature is 5°C to 35°C, away from strong acids, strong bases, and strong oxidizing agents. Avoid prolonged contact with copper or copper alloy containers.
  • Safety precautions: Although this product has very low toxicity (rat oral LD50>5000 mg/kg), direct contact with the concentrated product may cause mild skin or eye irritation. It is recommended to wear protective gloves and goggles during operation.
  • Regulatory requirements: For food and pharmaceutical grade applications, ensure the product complies with the relevant national standards (e.g., GB 25554 "National Food Safety Standard - Food Additive - Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate (Tween 60)") regarding specified limits.