XPO-4 (glycerol polyoxyethylene ether oleate) is a high-performance nonionic surfactant primarily used as a leveling agent for disperse dye high-temperature and high-pressure dyeing of polyester and its blended fabrics. According to the GL Chem product database, XPO-4 is easily soluble in water, has an HLB value of 13.5, active content ≥99%, and features low foam, hard water resistance, and good acid-base stability. It can be conveniently added directly into the dye bath. The specific recommended dosage is not available in the database; the following suggested amounts are based on common industry practice for reference.
XPO-4 requires no special pretreatment before use. Due to its water solubility (the database shows "easily soluble in water and organic solvents"), it can be pre-diluted with warm water (approx. 40~50°C) to a 10%~20% solution and then slowly added to the dye bath to ensure rapid and uniform dispersion. It can also be added directly to the dye bath under stirring. A typical dyeing process is: place the fabric into the dye bath containing auxiliary agents and dyes, heat to about 130°C in a high-temperature and high-pressure dyeing machine, hold for 30~60 minutes, then cool and drain. XPO-4 maintains stable physical and chemical properties under 130°C high-temperature and high-pressure conditions (cloud point ≥95°C, 1% aqueous solution), with no demulsification or phase separation.
Based on common industry practice, the typical dosage of XPO-4 as a high-temperature leveling agent is usually in the range of 0.5~2.0 g/L (relative to dye bath volume) or 1%~3% (relative to fabric weight). The specific amount should be adjusted according to dyeing depth, dye type, and equipment conditions:
XPO-4 has excellent migration and retarding properties (the database confirms it "effectively reduces the dye uptake rate, ensuring uniform adsorption and diffusion of dyes on the fiber surface and interior"), significantly preventing defects such as uneven dyeing and color differences. Meanwhile, its strong dispersibility effectively prevents dye particles from agglomerating and settling in the dye bath. The optimal dosage is recommended to be determined through laboratory sample tests to achieve the best leveling effect and economic balance.
| Parameter | Value/Description | Data Source |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Light yellow to yellow transparent liquid | GL Chem Database |
| Ionic Type | Nonionic | GL Chem Database |
| HLB Value | 13.5 | GL Chem Database |
| Active Content | ≥99% | GL Chem Database |
| pH (1% Aqueous Solution) | 5.0~7.0 | GL Chem Database |
| Cloud Point (1% Aqueous Solution) | ≥95°C | GL Chem Database |
| Foam Characteristics | Low foam | GL Chem Database |
| Solubility | Easily soluble in water and organic solvents | GL Chem Database |
| Density (20°C) | Approx. 1.05 g/cm³ | GL Chem Database |
| Alkali Resistance | Good alkali resistance, suitable for alkaline dyeing | GL Chem Database |
| Flash Point | >150°C, non-flammable | GL Chem Database |
| Packaging | 200kg, 50kg plastic drum | GL Chem Database |
High-Temperature High-Pressure Dyeing Process: Add XPO-4 to the dye bath at the recommended dosage and use with disperse dyes. Suitable dyeing temperature range is 120~135°C, holding time 30~60 minutes. This product has better migration ability than conventional nonionic leveling agents, effectively slowing down the concentrated dye uptake in the polyester glass transition temperature range (approx. 80~100°C), showing significant effect in preventing "temperature-induced uneven dyeing".
Fiber Oil Formulation: When used as a component in fiber finishing oils, the recommended proportion is 5%~20% of the total formulation. The excellent lubricity and surface activity of XPO-4 (surface tension approx. 28 mN/m, 1% aqueous solution, 25°C) can improve fiber spinnability. When used as an industrial emulsifying dispersant, the recommended dosage is 2%~8% of the total formulation, and the exact amount should be determined by experiments based on the characteristics of the substance to be emulsified.
Combination Synergy: XPO-4 can be used in combination with anionic dispersants (such as dispersant NNO, MF) to leverage the synergistic effect between nonionic and anionic agents, further enhancing the dispersion stability of the dye bath.