Papermaking defoamer XS-02 (CAS: 9004-81-3) appears as a milky white to light yellow viscous liquid, with molecular structure C17H33COO(CH2CH2O)nH, molecular weight range approximately 400~1500. The product's active ingredient content (solid content) is ≥99%, moisture content ≤0.5%, free alcohol content ≤1.0%, and it is a high-purity defoamer product.
The HLB value of this product is between 4 and 8, belonging to the water-in-oil (W/O) emulsifier category, with a low cloud point (15~30°C), and it is easy to self-emulsify and disperse in water. Its acid value ≤3.0 mgKOH/g, saponification value 40~140 mgKOH/g, hydroxyl value 45~60 mgKOH/g, iodine value 20~60 gI₂/100g, indicating moderate unsaturation, and the ester bond structure may undergo hydrolysis under strong alkaline conditions, which should be considered in formulation design.
In terms of safety performance, the product has a flash point (closed cup) >150°C, belongs to non-flammable liquid, non-explosive and non-oxidizing. The pH value of 1% and 5% aqueous solutions are both 5.0~8.0, close to neutral, non-irritating to skin and eyes, acute oral toxicity LD50 >2000 mg/kg, belongs to low-toxicity substance, with good environmental compatibility.
| Parameter Name | Indicator Range / Description | Parameter Name | Indicator Range / Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Product Name | Polyoxyethylene Monooleate | Ionic Type | Nonionic |
| CAS Number | 9004-81-3 | Appearance (25°C) | Milky white to light yellow viscous liquid |
| Molecular Formula | C17H33COO(CH2CH2O)nH | Molecular Weight | Approximately 400~1500 |
| Active Ingredient / Solid Content | ≥99% | Moisture | ≤0.5% |
| Density (25°C) | 0.85~1.05 g/cm³ | Kinematic Viscosity (25°C) | 100~500 mPa·s |
| Low Shear Viscosity | 100~500 mPa·s | Refractive Index | 1.45~1.47 |
| HLB Value | 4~8 | Cloud Point | 15~30°C |
| pH (1% Aqueous Solution) | 5.0~8.0 | pH (5% Aqueous Solution) | 5.0~8.0 |
| Acid Value | ≤3.0 mgKOH/g | Saponification Value | 40~140 mgKOH/g |
| Hydroxyl Value | 45~60 mgKOH/g | Iodine Value | 20~60 gI₂/100g |
| Surface Tension | Approximately 25~30 mN/m | Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) | 10~100 mg/L |
| Flash Point (Closed Cup) | >150°C | Freezing Point / Melting Point | <-10°C (liquid at room temperature) |
| Water Solubility | Easily dispersible in water (self-emulsifying) | Foam Characteristics | Low foam, defoaming function |
| Free Alcohol Content | ≤1.0% | Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤20 mg/kg |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤2 mg/kg | Hygroscopicity | Slightly hygroscopic |
| Chemical Stability | Stable under normal conditions | Alkali Resistance | General, ester bond may hydrolyze under strong base |
| Unsaturation | Moderate | Packaging Specifications | 50kg plastic drum / 200kg plastic drum / IBC tote |
Based on its HLB value (4~8) and cloud point (15~30°C) characteristics, this product is particularly suitable for medium to high temperature conditions in the paper industry. Recommended addition amounts vary by process: for black liquor defoaming, it is recommended to add 0.01%~0.1% of the total system mass; for paper machine white water circulation systems, recommended addition of 0.005%~0.05%; for coating defoaming, recommended addition of 0.1%~0.3%. Due to its nonionic nature, it is compatible with anionic, cationic auxiliaries, and sizing agents, without causing precipitation or side reactions.
It is worth noting that the ester bond structure of the product may undergo hydrolysis under strong alkaline conditions (pH>12) at high temperatures, leading to gradual degradation of defoaming performance. In alkaline pulping black liquor applications, continuous drip feeding is recommended to maintain stable defoaming and foam suppression effects. Additionally, the low cloud point (15~30°C) means that the product may precipitate or have reduced dispersibility in low-temperature water systems. In winter, ensure the system temperature is above the cloud point, or pre-disperse with warm water before addition.