The chemical name of emulsifier SG-100 (CAS No.: 9004-99-3) is Stearic acid polyoxyethylene (100) ether, and its international generic name is PEG-100 Stearate (Polyethylene glycol (100) monostearate). It is a high molecular weight nonionic surfactant prepared by esterification of natural stearic acid (octadecanoic acid) with polyethylene glycol (average degree of polymerization of 100 ethylene oxide units).
From the molecular structure, its molecule consists of two parts: the lipophilic end is a long-chain fatty acid—stearic acid (C₁₇H₃₅COOH), providing excellent lipophilicity; the hydrophilic end is a polyoxyethylene (PEG) chain segment, containing an average of 100 oxyethylene (-CH₂CH₂O-) repeat units, imparting outstanding water solubility and emulsifying ability to the product. This unique amphiphilic structure enables it to form a stable interfacial film at the oil/water interface, thus achieving efficient emulsification, dispersion, and solubilization functions.
SG-100 appears as a white to slightly yellow waxy solid, with excellent resistance to acid, alkali, and hard water. As a nonionic surfactant, it does not ionize in aqueous solution, so it has good compatibility with anionic, cationic, and amphoteric surfactants, and has a wide range of applications.
| Item | Parameter |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Stearic acid polyoxyethylene (100) ether |
| INCI Name | PEG-100 Stearate |
| CAS No. | 9004-99-3 |
| Ionic Type | Nonionic |
| Appearance | White to slightly yellow waxy solid |
| Average EO Number | About 100 |
| HLB Value | About 18-19 (highly hydrophilic) |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, ethanol and other polar solvents |
Due to its efficient O/W (oil-in-water) emulsifying ability, SG-100 is widely used in multiple industries:
SG-100 is a practically non-toxic product (rat oral LD₅₀ > 5000 mg/kg), has no significant skin irritation, mild and reversible eye irritation, no sensitization or genotoxicity, and is readily biodegradable (28-day degradation rate > 60%). It is recommended to store in a cool, dry place at 5°C to 40°C, and avoid storage together with strong oxidizers, strong acids, and strong bases.