Polyethylene glycol PEG-2000 (CAS No.: 25322-68-3) is a non-ionic water-soluble polymer that is safe for humans under normal use and handling conditions. According to OECD standard toxicological test data, this product has no skin irritation, no eye irritation, and no skin sensitization, and is classified as a low-toxicity substance. Its oral LD₅₀ in rats is greater than 2000 mg/kg (actual values typically exceed 5000 mg/kg), and it is not listed as a hazardous chemical under the GHS classification system.
It should be noted that although PEG-2000 itself has extremely low toxicity, dust or aerosols generated during handling may cause mild respiratory discomfort, and the molten product (melting point approximately 50–55°C) poses a risk of burns. Therefore, it is recommended to wear basic protective gloves and a dust mask during handling, and maintain good ventilation in the working environment. In case of skin or eye contact, rinse with clean water.
| Safety Indicator | Test Method/Standard | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|
| Acute Oral Toxicity (Rat) | OECD 401 | LD₅₀ > 2000 mg/kg, low toxicity |
| Skin Irritation | OECD 404 | Non-irritant |
| Eye Irritation | OECD 405 | Non-irritant |
| Skin Sensitization | OECD 406 | Non-sensitizing |
| GHS Hazard Classification | EC No 1272/2008 | Not classified as hazardous chemical |
| Flash Point | Closed cup method | >220°C, non-flammable |
| Explosivity/Oxidizing Properties | — | None |
From an ecotoxicological perspective, polyethylene glycol PEG-2000 poses a low overall risk to the environment:
Nevertheless, waste disposal should still follow local environmental regulations, and methods such as incineration or landfill can be used. Do not discharge directly into water bodies or the environment. It is recommended to entrust qualified professional waste disposal agencies for treatment.
Based on its excellent safety profile, PEG-2000 is widely used in pharmaceuticals (suppository bases, ointment bases, tablet binders), cosmetics (humectants, emollients), and daily chemical products. Its safety and history of use have been fully validated in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations. For industrial applications, no special protective measures are required under normal operating conditions, but it is recommended:
Although this product is not classified as a hazardous chemical, it should still be stored sealed in a cool, dry place (recommended 5–30°C), away from strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong bases, and other incompatible substances, and protected from direct sunlight and high temperatures. During transportation, prevent packaging damage and moisture absorption; no special transportation segregation requirements apply.