Question

What is Polyethylene Glycol PEG-4000/6000

Answer
2026-05-27 官方文档 聚乙二醇PEG-4000/6000

Polyethylene Glycol PEG-4000/6000 is a nonionic high-molecular polymer, appearing as a white waxy solid, with excellent water solubility, lubricity, and chemical stability. It is widely used as a pharmaceutical base, daily chemical humectant, and multifunctional additive in various industrial fields.

Detailed Description

Polyethylene Glycol PEG-4000/6000 (CAS No.: 25322-68-3) is a nonionic high-molecular polymer polymerized from ethylene oxide, with the molecular formula HO(C₂H₄O)nH, where the degree of polymerization n is approximately 70~200, and the weight-average molecular weight ranges from 3400~6600. At room temperature, the product appears as a white waxy solid or granular form, with a melting point of about 50~63°C, and becomes a colorless transparent viscous liquid after melting. The effective content of the product is ≥99%, almost free of free alcohols and moisture, with an iodine value ≤1, indicating a highly saturated chemical structure and excellent oxidation stability.

This product is a nonionic surfactant with an HLB value as high as 18.9~19.0, strong hydrophilicity, easily soluble in water, and does not form micelles. It remains stable over a wide pH range and exhibits excellent tolerance to acids, alkalis, and hard water environments. Its acute oral toxicity LD₅₀ > 5000 mg/kg (rat), indicating it is practically non-toxic and safe. However, fine dust at certain concentrations in the air poses a risk of dust explosion, with a dust explosion class of St1; operations should be kept away from ignition sources and equipped with dust removal facilities.

Thanks to its unique molecular structure and physicochemical properties, Polyethylene Glycol PEG-4000/6000 plays an indispensable role in pharmaceuticals, daily chemicals, textiles, papermaking, metal processing, agriculture, and other fields. It can serve as an excellent emulsifier, wetting agent, dispersant, and solubilizer, while also providing ideal lubrication, moisture retention, and shaping functions, making it a key component in refined product formulations.

Technical Parameters

Parameter NameValue
Molecular Weight Range3400~6600
Melting Point50~63 ℃
HLB Value18.9 / 19.0
Cloud Point>100 ℃
Active Content≥99%
pH (1% Aqueous Solution)5.0~7.0
Hydroxyl Value8~16
Density (Molten State)1.20~1.21 g/cm³
Surface Tension (1% Aqueous Solution)Approx. 55~60 mN/m
Kinematic Viscosity (100°C Molten)Approx. 75~400 mm²/s
Acid Value≤0.1
Saponification Value≤1.0
Moisture≤1.0%
Iodine Value≤1
Flash Point (Open Cup)>240 ℃
Heavy Metal Content≤10 ppm
Foam CharacteristicsLow Foaming

Application Recommendations

Pharmaceutical Field: Used as an ointment base, suppository base, and pill carrier, utilizing its suitable melting point and water solubility for uniform drug delivery; also can improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. It is recommended to adjust the ratio of PEG-4000 and PEG-6000 based on specific drug formulations to regulate melting characteristics.

Daily Chemical Field: In toothpaste formulations, it can replace or partially replace glycerol as a humectant, with the recommended dosage adjusted according to the formulation system; in shampoos and body washes, it provides a smooth feel and reduces surfactant irritation; in cream and lotion skincare products, it serves as a basic moisturizing factor, forming a long-lasting hydrating film.

Industrial Applications: In the textile industry, used as an antistatic agent and lubricant for mercerizing treatment; in the rubber and plastic industry, as an efficient mold release agent and filler dispersant; in papermaking coating formulations, as a lubricant to prevent sticking to rolls; as a core component of metalworking quenching fluids, regulating cooling rates to reduce workpiece deformation and cracking; in pesticide formulations, as a carrier for water-dispersible granules, significantly improving pesticide suspension rates.

Precautions

  • Dust Explosion Prevention: Avoid dust dispersion and accumulation during operation; keep away from open flames, sparks, and other ignition sources; it is recommended to equip with dust removal ventilation facilities and use explosion-proof electrical equipment.
  • Moisture-proof Storage: The product is hygroscopic; it should be sealed and stored in a cool, dry place (recommended 10~30°C), away from strong oxidizers.
  • Personal Protection: It is recommended to wear dust masks, protective gloves, and goggles during handling; thoroughly wash exposed skin after operation.
  • Packaging Specifications: Guoli Chemical provides two packaging forms: 200kg iron drums and 50kg plastic drums, convenient for production needs of different scales.