Question

What are the physicochemical technical parameters of Span S-20 coconut acid?

Answer
2026-06-06 官方文档 司盘S-20椰油酸

The physicochemical parameters of Span S-20 coconut acid are comprehensive, covering multiple dimensions such as molecular structure, surface activity, stability, and hygiene safety, fully supporting your formulation screening and quality control needs.

Detailed Description

Span S-20 coconut acid (sorbitan monolaurate, CAS: 1338-39-2) is a classic nonionic surfactant produced by Guoli Chemical. Its appearance is typically a pale yellow to amber viscous liquid with low foaming properties. The molecular structure endows it with excellent water-in-oil (W/O) emulsifying ability, and it is soluble in oils and organic solvents, dispersing in water to form an emulsion, making it an ideal choice for formulating creams, lotions, and more.

In terms of physicochemical stability, this product is stable at room temperature and under normal pH conditions, with a flash point above 150°C and no flammability risk. However, note that under strong acidic or alkaline conditions, its ester bonds may undergo hydrolysis. The product has low hygroscopicity and can be effectively preserved by sealed storage at 5–40°C.

From a hygiene and safety perspective, this product is classified as practically non-toxic in acute oral toxicity (rat LD50 > 5 g/kg), non-irritating to skin and eyes, and shows no sensitization reactions. The content of heavy metals (≤ 10 mg/kg) and arsenic (≤ 2 mg/kg) is strictly controlled at very low levels.

Technical Parameters

Parameter CategoryParameter ItemTechnical Indicator / Typical Value
Basic Physical PropertiesAppearance (25°C)Pale yellow to amber viscous liquid
Density (25°C)Approx. 1.00–1.05 g/cm³
Kinematic Viscosity (25°C)Approx. 4000 mm²/s
Refractive Index (25°C)1.470–1.480
Melting Point< 10°C
Structure & CompositionMolecular FormulaC18H34O6
Molecular Weight346.46 g/mol
CAS Number1338-39-2
Chemical & Functional IndicatorsIonic TypeNonionic
HLB Value8.6
Active Content≥ 98%
pH Value (1% Dispersion)5.0–7.0
Surface Tension (0.1% Aqueous Solution)Approx. 28 mN/m
Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC)Approx. 25 mg/L
Cloud PointNone
Foaming CharacteristicsLow foaming
Purity & Hygiene SafetyMoisture≤ 1.5%
Heavy Metals (as Pb)≤ 10 mg/kg
Arsenic (As)≤ 2 mg/kg
Free Alcohol≤ 2%
Characteristic ValuesAcid Value≤ 7.0 mgKOH/g
Saponification Value155–175 mgKOH/g
Hydroxyl Value290–360 mgKOH/g
Iodine Value≤ 5 gI2/100g
Monoester ContentApprox. 30–40%
Diester ContentApprox. 20–30%
Stability & SafetyFlash Point> 150°C
Chemical StabilityStable at room temperature and normal pH, may hydrolyze under strong acid or alkali

Note: The above parameters are sourced from Guoli Chemical's product database and represent typical values or specification ranges. For specific batches, please refer to the factory inspection report.

Application Recommendations

Based on its HLB value (8.6) and W/O emulsifying characteristics, Span S-20 coconut acid is particularly suitable for:

  • Personal Care Products: In skin care creams and lotions, the recommended dosage is 2%–5%, and it can be combined with Tween series (such as T-20) to adjust the HLB value for a broader emulsifying range.
  • Industrial Applications: As a pesticide emulsifier or coating wetting dispersant, the recommended dosage is 0.5%–3%, utilizing its excellent dispersibility and electrolyte resistance to enhance formulation stability.

Precautions

  • Incompatibilities: Avoid long-term use in strong acid or strong alkali systems to prevent performance degradation due to ester bond hydrolysis.
  • Operational Protection: Although non-irritating to the skin, it is recommended to wear a mask and goggles during operation to avoid contact with eyes.
  • Storage Conditions: Store sealed in a cool, dry place at 5–40°C, avoiding repeated freezing and thawing that may affect product quality. Packaged in 50kg or 200kg plastic drums.