Question

What are the main components of Span S-60?

Answer
2026-05-17 官方文档 司盘S-60

The main component of Span S-60 is Sorbitan Monostearate, with a content ≥98%, a classic nonionic surfactant.

Detailed Description

The chemical name of Span S-60 is Sorbitan Monostearate (also known as sorbitan monostearate), CAS number 1338-41-6, molecular formula C₂₄H₄₆O₆, molecular weight approximately 430.61. It is produced by intramolecular dehydration of sorbitol to form sorbitan (mainly 1,4-sorbitan), followed by monoesterification with stearic acid, and belongs to the class of polyol fatty acid ester nonionic surfactants.

From the compositional perspective, the effective active content of Span S-60 produced by Guoli Chemical is ≥98%, with the core emulsifying monoester content ≥80%, diester and polyester content controlled at ≤20%, free alcohol (unreacted sorbitol or sorbitan) ≤1%, and moisture ≤1.5%. The total solid content is ≥99%, appearance is a white to light yellow waxy solid, with a melting point range of 52~57°C.

This product has an HLB value of 4.7, making it a lipophilic emulsifier suitable for preparing stable water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion systems. Its saponification value is 145~160 mgKOH/g, hydroxyl value 230~270 mgKOH/g, and acid value ≤10 mgKOH/g. These indicators reflect the degree of esterification and the number of free hydroxyl groups in the molecule, serving as key control parameters for product quality and batch consistency. The iodine value is ≤2, indicating a very high saturation of the fatty acid chain, which endows the product with good oxidative stability.

Technical Parameters

Parameter ItemSpecification
Chemical NameSorbitan Monostearate
CAS Number1338-41-6
Molecular FormulaC₂₄H₄₆O₆
Effective Content≥98%
Monoester Content≥80%
Diester and Polyester Content≤20%
Free Alcohol≤1%
Moisture≤1.5%
HLB Value4.7
Acid Value≤10 mgKOH/g
Saponification Value145~160 mgKOH/g
Hydroxyl Value230~270 mgKOH/g
Iodine Value≤2
Melting Point52~57°C
AppearanceWhite to light yellow waxy solid

Application Suggestions

With its chemical structure of sorbitan monostearate, Span S-60 is widely used in the following scenarios:

  • Food Industry: As an E491 emulsifier, used in margarine, ice cream, pastries, etc., to prevent oil separation, dosage typically 0.1%~1.0%.
  • Cosmetics: As the main emulsifier for W/O creams and lotions, recommended dosage 1%~3%, often used in combination with Tween-60 (HLB 14.9) to adjust the overall HLB value.
  • Pharmaceuticals: As a component of suppository bases, providing appropriate moldability and drug release characteristics.
  • Industrial Applications: Textile oils, anti-fog agents for agricultural films, emulsifiers for pesticide emulsifiable concentrates, and dispersants for coatings and pigments, etc.

Precautions

  • The product is low-toxicity (oral LD₅₀ in rats >15,000 mg/kg), but direct contact may cause mild irritation to skin and eyes. It is recommended to wear nitrile or neoprene gloves and chemical safety goggles during operation.
  • Store in a cool, dry place, with a recommended temperature below 35°C, avoiding direct sunlight. Solidification may occur at low temperatures; allow to return to room temperature before use.
  • Keep away from strong oxidizers and strong alkaline environments. Hydrolysis may occur upon contact with strong alkalis, affecting performance.
  • Flash point >149°C; non-flammable under normal conditions of use, but still avoid high heat and open flames.