Question 1

Is polyethylene glycol 400 distearate harmful to the human body? Does it have any impact on the environment?

Accepted Answer

Under normal use conditions, polyethylene glycol 400 distearate is safe and harmless to human health, and is not classified as a GHS hazardous substance; it has low toxicity to the environment and is readily biodegradable, with minimal ecological impact. Detailed Explanation Polyethylene glycol 400 distearate (PEG-400 Distearate) is a nonionic surctant. Based on the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) and available toxicological and ecotoxicological data, this product does not meet the classification threshold for any hazard category and does not require GHS hazard classification. Under conventional application conditions such as in personal care, detergents, and textile auxiliaries, it does not pose significant health or environmental risks. From a human health perspective, the oral median lethal dose (LD50) of this product is greater than 2000 mg/kg, and the dermal LD50 is also greater than 2000 mg/kg, meaning it does not ll into the acute toxicity category. It is not significantly irritating to the skin, has no known sensitizing potential, and there is no evidence of germ cell mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, or reproductive toxicity. The only point to note is that product dust may cause slight eye discomfort due to mechanical friction, but it is not classified as an eye damage or eye irritation category. Overall, the product has a mild effect on the human body and is of high safety. From an environmental impact perspective, acute toxicity data for fish, crustaceans, and algae indicate that the median effective concentration (EC50/LC50) is greater than 100 mg/L, indicating low toxicity to aquatic organisms. It is readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions, meeting OECD 301 series standards for ready biodegradability, and has a low octanol/water partition coefficient (log Pow), low bioaccumulation potential, and does not persist in the environment, aligning with the principles of green chemistry and sustainable development. Safety Operating Precautions Dust protection: Avoid generating and inhaling dust during operation; if dust is present, provide local exhaust ventilation or wear particulate respirators (e.g., N95 standard masks). Skin contact: After handling, wash hands and any exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water. Eye protection: If there is a risk of splashing, it is recommended to wear chemical safety goggles; if eye contact occurs, rinse immediately with plenty of running water for at least 15 minutes. Storage conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse with an ambient temperature controlled between 5°C and 40°C, away from strong oxidizers and open flames. Spill treatment: Collect spills using inert materials such as sand or vermiculite, and avoid entry into sewers and water systems. Note Although this product is highly safe, combustion or thermal decomposition at high temperatures may release irritating fumes such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, so prolonged exposure to high temperatures and open flames should be avoided. For waste disposal, do not pour directly into soil or drainage systems; it should be incinerated or biochemically treated by a qualified disposal cility.

Question 2

What should I do if problems occur during the use of PEG-400 Distearate (PEG 400DS)? How do I obtain technical support?

Accepted Answer

According to the technical data of Guoli Chemical, if you encounter problems during the use of PEG-400 Distearate (PEG 400DS), we recommend that you first conduct a preliminary investigation based on common phenomena. If you need direct technical support, please contact the technical team of Guoli Chemical through the official sales channel where you purchased the product. Although the current query did not directly return the company's contact information, based on the product technical data, we have compiled the following professional troubleshooting guide and general help-seeking path for you. ### 1. Usage Problem Troubleshooting Guide As a nonionic surctant, the emulsifying, dispersing, and thickening properties of PEG-400 Distearate (PEG 400DS) are affected by the system environment, process conditions, and other ctors. The following table summarizes common problems and possible causes for your quick reference: | Common Problem | Possible Cause | Troubleshooting and Solution Suggestion | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Insufficient emulsification power, lotion/cream separation** | 1. **Insufficient dosage**: Not reaching the critical micelle concentration.2. **HLB value mismatch**: Large deviation between the required HLB value of the oil phase and the HLB value of PEG 400DS.3. **Improper feeding order or process**: Unsuitable mixing speed or temperature for the oil and water phases.4. **Effect of system pH/electrolyte**: Although the product is resistant to acid and alkali, extreme conditions may affect specific oil phases. | 1. It is recommended to start with an addition amount of **1.0% - 5.0%** of the total system weight, gradually optimizing.2. Check the required HLB value of the oil phase. PEG 400DS is a lipophilic emulsifier. If insufficient hydrophilicity, a small amount of high HLB value emulsifier (e.g., PEG-400 monostearate) can be blended.3. Ensure that the oil phase is slowly added to the water phase under high-speed homogenization (**5000 - 8000 rpm**) at **70°C - 80°C**.4. Check and maintain the system pH within the neutral range of **5.0 - 8.0**. | | **Poor dispersion effect, particle agglomeration** | 1. **Low dispersant dosage**.2. **Excessively fine or high surce energy of the solid particles to be dispersed**.3. **Low viscosity of the dispersion medium**. | 1. Gradually increase the dosage of PEG 400DS to **2% - 5%** of the particle weight.2. Introduce a small amount of polymer stabilizer (e.g., xanthan gum) to work synergistically with PEG 400DS, increasing steric hindrance.3. Appropriately increase system viscosity to delay particle sedimentation. | | **Thickening effect not meeting expectations** | 1. **Dosage not reaching the effective thickening concentration**.2. **Lack of thickening synergist in the system**.3. **Temperature too high**, exceeding the cloud point leading to decreased solubility. | 1. In systems like shampoo and body wash, the effective thickening concentration is usually **1.5% - 3.0%**.2. A small amount of **0.5% - 1.5%** cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB) or sodium chloride can be blended for synergistic thickening.3. Ensure the preparation and storage temperature is below **40°C** to avoid product performance degradation. | | **Slow dissolution rate, granular feeling** | 1. **Directly added to cold water**.2. **Insufficient stirring speed**. | 1. PEG 400DS is a waxy solid and needs to be melted and dispersed in hot water above **70°C** or in the oil phase. It is recommended to heat to melt first, then stir into the water phase.2. Maintain continuous stirring until a uniform system is formed. | | **Product surce not smooth, with fine foam** | Excessive dosage or uneven mixing when used as an internal lubricant in plastic and rubber processing. | Strictly control the addition amount between **0.2% - 1.0%**, and ensure uniform dispersion in the polymer melt through equipment such as twin-screw extruders. | ### 2. Ways to Obtain Technical Support If the above troubleshooting does not solve your problem, we recommend the following ways to seek official technical support: 1. **Contact the original supplier/distributor**: This is the stest and most effective path. Please contact the sales manager or authorized distributor from whom you purchased the Guoli Chemical product directly; they will connect you precisely with Guoli Chemical's technical application team. 2. **Check product accompanying documents**: Product packaging or transaction documents usually include: * **Certificate of Analysis (COA)**: Verify that key indicators (e.g., hydroxyl value, acid value) are within the standard range. * **Safety Data Sheet (SDS)**: The document contains the supplier's emergency contact number and basic information, which can be used for initial contact. 3. **Query corporate information platforms**: You can search for "Hai'an Guoli Chemical Co., Ltd." on public business information platforms such as "Tianyancha" or "Qichacha" to obtain the company's registered address, official contact number, and email for the latest contact information. **Note**: When contacting technical support, please be sure to prepare the following information so that the technician can quickly locate the problem: * **Product batch number** (found on packaging or COA). * **Your complete basic formula** (core ingredients can be omitted, but the system overview and the stage at which PEG 400DS is added should be provided). * **Detailed preparation process** (feeding order, temperature, stirring speed, and time). * **Clear description of the problem phenomenon** (preferably with comparison photos of normal and abnormal conditions).

Question 3

How to purchase Polyethylene Glycol 400 Distearate? What is the minimum order quantity?

Accepted Answer

To purchase Polyethylene Glycol 400 Distearate, please contact the sales team of Haian Guoli Chemical Co., Ltd. directly to obtain the latest quotation and ordering policy. The minimum order quantity depends on real-time inventory and order status. Detailed Explanation Polyethylene Glycol 400 Distearate (CAS: 9005-08-7) is a classic nonionic surctant sold by Guoli Chemical, with a standard packaging of 50 kg plastic drums. As an industrial-grade fine chemical raw material, its price is influenced by multiple ctors such as raw material market fluctuations, purchase quantity, and logistics costs. Therefore, there is no fixed public price available in the database. The product is currently in normal inventory, and our company operates an order-based sales model. Whether you are placing a trial order or a bulk purchase, it is recommended to contact the Guoli Chemical sales team directly. The sales consultant will provide a one-on-one exclusive quotation and delivery confirmation based on your specific needs (purchase quantity, shipping address, packaging preferences, etc.). For customers with long-term cooperation intentions, an annual framework agreement can be signed to enjoy more competitive tiered pricing. Regarding the minimum order quantity (MOQ), our company generally requires a full drum as the minimum order (i.e., 50 kg/drum as the base unit). However, whether smaller sample sizes or mixed shipments are supported depends on the current repackaging conditions and inventory status, as confirmed by the sales team. If you only need a small sample for laboratory formulation trials, please specify this during the initial inquiry, and we will make every effort to arrange sample delivery service. Basic Product Information Summary ItemParameter Product NamePolyethylene Glycol 400 Distearate (PEG-400 Distearate) CAS Number9005-08-7 AppearanceWhite to slightly yellow waxy solid Ionic TypeNonionic HLB ValueApproximately 7.5 Standard Packaging50 kg/plastic drum Active Content≥99% Melting Point Range40–50°C Price DescriptionPrice varies with the market; please contact the salesperson for the current day's quotation Purchase Contact Information and Recommended Process To quickly obtain accurate quotations and minimum order quantity information, we recommend following these steps: Call our sales department: Dial the contact number published on the official website of Haian Guoli Chemical Co., Ltd., and directly state your inquiry for "Polyethylene Glycol 400 Distearate" and expected purchase quantity. Send an inquiry email: Send your company information, estimated monthly/annual usage, target price range, and delivery address to the official business email. The sales team typically responds with a formal quotation within 1–2 working days. Leave a message on online platforms: Visit the Guoli Chemical official website or B2B corporate store (e.g., 1688 platform), and submit your request through online customer service or an inquiry form for a prompt response. Notes First-time cooperative customers are usually required to provide basic qualification documents such as a business license to establish a customer file and ensure compliant transactions. Before bulk purchasing, it is highly recommended to request laboratory or pilot samples for formulation compatibility and performance verification to avoid incompatibility issues caused by formulation system differences. The product is not classified as hazardous chemical, and standard land transport for general cargo is applicable. However, transportation costs and delivery times vary by destination, so please confirm the logistics plan during inquiry. The recommended storage temperature for this product is between 5°C and 40°C, avoiding high temperatures and moisture. Upon receipt, promptly check the packaging integrity.

Question 4

Does Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS meet environmental requirements? Can a test report be provided?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS meets current environmental requirements, has good biodegradability and low eco-toxicity, and is an environmentally friendly surctant. Detailed Description Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS performs excellently in terms of environmental compliance. According to authoritative data from the product safety data sheet, this product is readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions and complies with the OECD 301 series of ready biodegradability standards, meaning it can be rapidly decomposed by microorganisms in natural water environments without causing long-term environmental accumulation. Meanwhile, its octanol\/water partition coefficient (log Pow) is low, indicating low bioaccumulation potential, and it will not bioaccumulate or magnify through the food chain. In terms of aquatic ecotoxicity, acute toxicity data for fish, crustaceans, and algae show that the median effective concentration (EC50\/LC50) is greater than 100 mg\/L, classifying it as a substance with low toxicity to aquatic organisms. Under predicted use and discharge conditions, it has no inhibitory effect on microorganisms in wastewater treatment plants and will not interfere with the normal operation of biochemical wastewater treatment systems. Overall, this product meets the requirements of modern green chemistry and sustainable development. Regarding test reports, as the manucturer, Guoli Chemical typically provides Certificates of Analysis (COA) with each batch, covering routine physical and chemical indicators such as appearance, acid value, and saponification value. If you require third-party environmental compliance test reports (such as OECD 301 biodegradability test reports, aquatic toxicity test reports, etc.), it is recommended to directly contact the sales or technical department of Guoli Chemical to confirm whether existing third-party test reports are available, or to arrange for special testing. Environmental Performance Parameter Summary Environmental IndicatorData\/ConclusionStandard Basis BiodegradabilityReadily biodegradable (rapid degradation)OECD 301 series Fish Acute Toxicity (LC50)>100 mg\/L (low toxicity)Standard aquatic toxicity test Crustacean Acute Toxicity (EC50)>100 mg\/L (low toxicity)Standard aquatic toxicity test Algal Acute Toxicity (EC50)>100 mg\/L (low toxicity)Standard aquatic toxicity test Bioaccumulation (log Pow)Low, no significant accumulation— Effect on Wastewater Treatment MicroorganismsNo inhibitory effect— GHS Hazard ClassificationDoes not meet any hazard category classification thresholdUN GHS Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)Not involved— Application Recommendations Based on the above environmental characteristics, Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS is very suitable for use in downstream product formulations with strict environmental standards, including personal care products, household detergents, and other fields. When exporting to markets with high chemical environmental compliance requirements such as the EU and North America, the product's ready biodegradability and low eco-toxicity also help formulations pass reviews under regulations like REACH. Recommendations for Obtaining Test Reports Routine COA: Provided with each batch; request the latest batch report from the sales department of Guoli Chemical. ROHS\/REACH Compliance Declaration: Contact Guoli Chemical to confirm if relevant compliance declaration documents can be provided. Third-Party Test Reports: For specialized environmental test reports issued by organizations such as SGS or TÜV, it is recommended to directly contact Guoli Chemical to confirm the timeliness of existing reports or to arrange for testing. MSDS\/SDS Files: The Safety Data Sheet is a basic document for environmental compliance review; Guoli Chemical can provide the latest version. Precautions Although the product itself has excellent environmental performance, untreated waste liquid should still be avoided being directly discharged into surce water bodies or groundwater systems during production and use. In case of leakage, collect with inert absorbent materials (sand, vermiculite, etc.) and dispose of in accordance with local regulations through qualified waste disposal agencies. The specific items and format of test reports vary depending on customer requirements and testing organizations. Please clarify with Guoli Chemical in advance the specific purpose and standard requirements for the required report.

Question 5

What are the advantages of PEG-400 Distearate (Polyethylene Glycol 400 Distearate) compared to other similar products?

Accepted Answer

With its moderate PEG chain length, high purity, and excellent formulation compatibility, PEG-400 Distearate (PEG-400 DS) stands out among similar products in terms of emulsifying power, thickening effect, and safety. Detailed Explanation The core advantage of PEG-400 Distearate (PEG-400 DS) first stems from its precise molecular structure design. The PEG-400 segment (about 8~12 EO units) gives the product an HLB value of approximately 7.5, which lls into the "golden balance zone" for emulsifiers—unlike low molecular weight PEG esters (e.g., PEG-100 DS) that lack sufficient hydrophilicity to stabilize O\/W emulsions alone, and unlike high molecular weight PEG esters (e.g., PEG-6000 DS) that are too hydrophilic and contribute limited consistency. Among similar PEG distearate products, 400 DS achieves the best compromise between emulsifying and thickening properties, making it a typical "multi-purpose" agent in cream and lotion formulations. Secondly, the purity index of Guoli Chemical's 400 DS is significantly higher than conventional market products. The database shows that this product has a diester content ≥90%, monoester content ≤5%, free alcohol ≤1%, active content ≥99%, and acid value and hydroxyl value both ≤5. A higher diester content means a higher proportion of active ingredients, directly leading to better emulsion stability and batch-to-batch consistency. In contrast, conventional similar products on the market typically have a diester content in the range of 80%~85%, with higher monoester and free PEG impurities, which can easily cause consistency drift or emulsion separation during production and storage. Additionally, an iodine value ≤1 indicates extremely low unsaturation of the stearic acid feedstock, fundamentally ensuring the color stability and antioxidant capacity of the final product. Thirdly, this product establishes a comprehensive advantage in safety, environmental friendliness, and compatibility. Its non-ionic nature allows it to be freely compounded with anionic, cationic, and amphoteric systems, avoiding compatibility issues common with ionic emulsifiers. At the same time, the product is readily biodegradable, with aquatic acute toxicity EC50\/LC50 values >100 mg\/L, and heavy metal content strictly controlled at ≤10ppm, arsenic ≤2ppm, r stricter than general chemical standards, fully meeting the requirements of high-safety applications such as personal care products and cosmetics. Technical Parameters ParameterGuoli Chemical 400 DSConventional Similar ProductsAdvantage Explanation Diester Content≥90%80%~85%Higher active ingredient content, better emulsification and thickening efficiency Monoester Content≤5%8%~15%Fewer by-products, better formulation stability HLB Value7.56.0~8.5 (varies by molecular weight)Exactly at the optimal balance point between emulsification and thickening Acid Value (mgKOH\/g)≤5≤8~10Lower acid value, more friendly to pH-sensitive formulations Hydroxyl Value (mgKOH\/g)≤5≤10~15Fewer free hydroxyl groups, better storage stability Iodine Value (gI₂\/100g)≤1≤3~5Extremely low unsaturation, strong resistance to oxidative discoloration Free Alcohol≤1%1.5%~3%Fewer impurities, milder skin feel Active Content≥99%95%~98%Almost no moisture or volatiles, more economical dosage Heavy Metals≤10ppm≤20~50ppmStricter, meeting high-end cosmetics standards Melting Point40~50°C36~55°C (wide fluctuation)Narrow melting range, stable processing window Application Recommendations Based on the HLB value of 7.5 and high diester purity of 400 DS, it is recommended for priority use in the following scenarios: O\/W Creams and Lotions: Recommended dosage 1%~3%. When compounded with hydrophilic emulsifiers (e.g., PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, HLB 10~13), it can achieve a fine, stable emulsion texture with good spreadability. Shampoos and Shower Gels: As a thickener and pearlescent stabilizer, recommended dosage 0.5%~1.5%. Can replace or reduce the use of traditional alkanolamide thickeners. Metalworking Fluids: Due to its low-foaming property, it is particularly suitable for high-pressure jet cutting fluid formulations. Recommended dosage 2%~5%, providing boundary lubrication while maintaining low foam operation. Textile Softeners: As a non-ionic softener component, it can be compounded with cationic softeners. Recommended dosage 1%~3%, imparting a dry, fluffy feel to brics. Notes The product is a waxy solid. Heat to 50~60°C to melt before use. It is recommended to dissolve it in the oil phase first before participating in emulsification. Products with an HLB value of 7.5 are more suitable for W\/O emulsions when used alone. For O\/W emulsions, it is recommended to compound with emulsifiers having a higher HLB value. Not resistant to strong alkalis (data source: Guoli Chemical database). In systems with pH>10, ester bond hydrolysis may occur. The pH of the formulation needs to be controlled. Keep sealed and moisture-proof during storage. Although it has low hygroscopicity, prolonged exposure to humid environments may cause caking, affecting use.

Question 6

How should Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS be stored? What is its shelf life?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated environment, with temperature recommended to be controlled between 5°C and 40°C. The shelf life is typically 2 years (under strict adherence to recommended storage conditions). Detailed Description Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS (PEG-400 Distearate) is a chemically stable nonionic surctant that does not undergo polymerization or hazardous decomposition under recommended storage and handling conditions. Its stability primarily relies on protection from heat, moisture, and sealed storage. Under normal storage conditions, the product does not deteriorate, delaminate, or lose performance, and can maintain its emulsifying, dispersing, and thickening functional properties for a long time. Regarding shelf life: Since the specific shelf life is not explicitly marked in the product database, it is recommended to refer to the production date and expiration date on the product packaging label. According to industry practice and stability data of similar nonionic surctants, under strict adherence to storage conditions, the recommended usage period for this product is typically 2 years from the date of manucture. For products beyond the shelf life, it is recommended to conduct small-scale performance verification before use to confirm that key indicators such as emulsifying power and dispersibility have not significantly decreased. Special attention should be paid to moisture prevention during storage. Due to the hygroscopic nature of the polyethylene glycol segment, the packaging container should be sealed as soon as possible after opening to avoid moisture absorption and caking, which may affect subsequent use and weighing accuracy. Storage Condition Requirements Storage ctorSpecific Requirement TemperatureIt is recommended to control between 5°C and 40°C, avoid prolonged exposure to excessive temperatures Humidity and EnvironmentCool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse; keep packaging containers tightly closed to prevent moisture and foreign objects from entering Keep away from ignition sourcesKeep away from heat sources, sparks, open flames; combustion or thermal decomposition may release gases such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide Incompatible materialsAvoid contact or storage with strong oxidizers SegregationAvoid storage with food, feed, pharmaceuticals, and personal protective equipment Packaging managementSeal promptly after opening; empty packaging containers should be cleaned and recycled or disposed of as general industrial solid waste Application Recommendations If the product exhibits slight solidification or hardening due to short-term low temperature, it is a normal physical state change and does not affect product performance. Before use, the sealed package can be placed in an environment of 20°C to 35°C to naturally return to temperature. Once the material returns to a uniform state, it can be used normally without heating to melt. Sampling tools should be kept clean and dry to avoid introducing moisture or other impurities into the packaging container. Precautions Avoid generating and inhaling product dust. If dust is generated during operation, provide local exhaust or general ventilation. After operation, thoroughly wash hands and contacted skin with soap and water. No eating, drinking, or smoking in the workplace. If leakage occurs, collect with inert absorbent materials (such as sand, vermiculite) and dispose of in sealed containers; prevent entry into drains or water bodies. Waste should be handed over to a qualified treatment cility for incineration or biochemical treatment; do not pour directly into soil, water bodies, or drainage systems.

Question 7

What safety precautions should be taken when using polyethylene glycol distearate 400DS?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene glycol distearate 400DS is a non-hazardous substance with high safety under normal use conditions, but basic chemical handling practices should still be followed, with particular attention to dust protection, avoiding eye contact, and keeping away from strong oxidizers. Detailed Description Polyethylene glycol distearate 400DS is a nonionic surctant. Based on available toxicological data, its oral median lethal dose (LD50) is greater than 2000 mg/kg, dermal LD50 greater than 2000 mg/kg. It does not ll into acute toxicity categories and does not meet the classification threshold for any GHS hazard category; thus, GHS hazard classification is not required. The product is not significantly irritating to the skin, has no known sensitizing potential, and there is no evidence of mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, or reproductive toxicity. Although the product itself is relatively safe, precautions should be taken during handling: the product is a white to slightly yellow waxy solid that may generate dust during pouring, weighing, and other operations. If dust comes into direct contact with the eyes, it may cause mild discomfort due to mechanical friction (not classified as serious eye damage). Additionally, under high temperature or combustion conditions, the product may decompose to produce gases such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; therefore, it should be kept away from open flames and excessively high temperatures. Environmentally, the product is readily biodegradable, meeting OECD 301 series criteria for ready biodegradability. It has low toxicity to aquatic organisms (EC50/LC50 for fish, crustaceans, and algae all greater than 100 mg/L) and low bioaccumulation potential. Nevertheless, spills should be prevented from entering sewers and surce waters. Safe Handling and Storage Requirements ItemSpecific Requirements Dust ControlAvoid generating and inhaling dust; if the operation is prone to dust generation, local exhaust ventilation or general ventilation should be provided. Personal HygieneWash hands and contacted skin thoroughly with soap and water after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke in the work area. Hand ProtectionRecommend wearing nitrile rubber or natural rubber gloves. Eye ProtectionIf there is a risk of splashing, recommend wearing chemical safety goggles. Respiratory ProtectionNo special protection required under normal operations; if dust is generated, recommend wearing a particulate respirator meeting GB 2626 or N95 standards. Storage TemperatureStore in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse, recommended between 5°C and 40°C. Incompatible MaterialsStrong oxidizers. Avoid ConditionsHeat sources, sparks, open flames, excessively high temperatures. Emergency Measures Skin Contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing and flush the affected area with plenty of soap and water. Seek medical attention if discomfort or skin reaction occurs. Eye Contact: Immediately flush with flowing water or saline for at least 15 minutes, lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Seek medical attention if discomfort persists. Inhalation: Move the person to fresh air and keep the airway clear. Seek medical attention if symptoms occur. Ingestion: Rinse the mouth with water; do not induce vomiting. If the person is conscious, give a small amount of water to dilute stomach contents. Seek medical attention if discomfort occurs, and present the product safety data sheet or label. Spill Handling: Use inert absorbent materials (e.g., sand, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth) to contain and collect the spill, and place in a sealed container. Avoid discharge into sewers, surce water, and groundwater systems. Clean the contaminated area with water or conventional cleaning agents. Notes Work clothes should be stored separately to avoid taking contaminated clothing out of the work area. Keep packaging containers tightly closed to prevent moisture and foreign matter ingress. Avoid storing together with food, feed, or pharmaceuticals. Empty packaging containers can be cleaned and recycled, disposed of as general industrial solid waste. Waste should be handed over to qualified treatment cilities for incineration or biochemical treatment; do not directly pour into soil, water bodies, or drainage systems.

Question 8

How to use Polyethylene Glycol 400 Distearate 400DS? What is the recommended addition amount?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene Glycol 400 Distearate 400DS is a white to slightly yellow waxy solid with an HLB value of approximately 7.5. It needs to be melted or dispersed before use, and the recommended addition amount in different applications is 0.5% to 8%. Detailed Description Polyethylene Glycol 400 Distearate 400DS (PEG-400 Distearate, CAS No.: 9005-08-7) is a nonionic surctant. At room temperature, it appears as a white to slightly yellow waxy solid with a melting point range of 40~50°C. Since the product is in solid form, it must be heated to a molten state before use (recommended heating to 50~60°C), then added to the oil phase and mixed thoroughly with other oily components; alternatively, it can be pre-dissolved in organic solvents such as ethanol or isopropyl alcohol before being incorporated into the formulation system. The product has an HLB value of 7.5, indicating moderate lipophilicity, and it disperses in water rather than completely dissolving. Therefore, when preparing oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, it is typically used in combination with high-HLB emulsifiers (such as PEG-400 Monostearate) to achieve better emulsifying effects. Its diester content is ≥90%, offering good chemical stability and stable performance across a wide pH range, but direct contact with strong alkaline environments should be avoided. As a low-foaming product, PEG-400DS exhibits multiple functions in formulations, including emulsification, thickening, and dispersion. It can be well compounded with anionic, cationic, and amphoteric surctants, providing high formulation flexibility. Application Recommendations The following are recommended addition amounts for various industrial applications (based on industry general reference ranges, sourced from Guoli Chemical formulation application experience): Application FieldSpecific ProductRecommended Addition Amount (wt%)Function Personal Care & CosmeticsCreams, Lotions1.0%~4.0%Primary/Co-emulsifier, Thickener Personal Care & CosmeticsShampoos, Conditioners0.5%~2.0%Thickening, Conditioning, Pearlizing Stability Personal Care & CosmeticsSunscreens1.5%~3.0%Emulsification Dispersion, Water Resistance Improvement Household Detergentsbric Softeners2.0%~5.0%Softening Conditioning, Thickening Household DetergentsLiquid Detergents0.5%~2.0%Thickening, Foam Stabilization Textile AuxiliariesSoftening Finishing Agents3.0%~8.0%Softener Component, Antistatic Metalworking FluidsCutting Fluids, Emulsified Oils2.0%~6.0%Emulsifier, Lubrication Additive Plastics & Rubber ProcessingInternal Lubricants, Mold Release Agents0.2%~1.5%Flow Improvement, Anti-sticking The above recommended addition amounts are reference ranges. The specific dosage should be determined through small-scale optimization based on the performance requirements of the target formulation, characteristics of the compounding system, and process conditions. Precautions Preheat Melting: The product is a waxy solid. It is recommended to heat it to melting at 50~60°C before use, avoiding local overheating that may cause decomposition. Addition Sequence: In emulsification formulations, it is suggested to first add this product to the oil phase and melt it uniformly, then proceed with oil-water emulsification. Compounding Use: With an HLB value of 7.5, the emulsifying capacity is limited when used alone for O/W emulsification. It is recommended to compound with high-HLB emulsifiers to achieve a more stable emulsion system. pH Application Range: It is stable within a pH range of 3~10 but not resistant to strong alkaline environments. Direct coexistence with high-concentration strong bases in the formulation should be avoided. Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place with ambient temperature controlled at 5~40°C. Keep sealed and moisture-proof, away from open flames and strong oxidizers. Operational Protection: Under normal use conditions, it has high safety. It is recommended to wear protective gloves during operation to avoid inhalation of dust.

Question 9

In which industries and processes is Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS mainly applied?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS (PEG-400 Distearate) is a versatile nonionic surctant, with core applications in five major industries: personal care, detergents, textiles, metalworking fluids, and plastics & rubber. It plays an irreplaceable role in key process stages such as emulsification, dispersion, thickening, and lubrication. Detailed Description Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS (CAS No.: 9005-08-7) is produced via the esterification reaction of polyethylene glycol with stearic acid. It appears as a white to slightly yellow waxy solid. Its nonionic nature gives the product excellent chemical compatibility, allowing it to be smoothly compounded with anionic, cationic, and amphoteric systems, maintaining stable performance across a wide pH range and in hard water conditions, making it highly vored in numerous industrial formulations. With its outstanding emulsifying performance (efficiently reducing oil/water intercial tension to prepare stable oil-in-water emulsions), superior dispersing ability (excellent dispersion and suspension effects for solid particles and pigments), and mild, low-irritation characteristics, this product has become a key functional component in formulations across multiple industries. Below is a detailed introduction to its main application industries and corresponding processes. Application Industries and Processes Application Industry Specific Application Areas Process Role & Function Personal Care & Cosmetics Creams, lotions, conditioners, sunscreens, shampoos, body washes, cial cleansers Primary emulsifier, co-emulsifier, and thickener, imparting ideal consistency, fine texture, good spreadability, and a moisturizing skin feel Household & Industrial Detergents Laundry liquids, dishwashing detergents, hard surce cleaners, bric softeners, liquid detergents Thickener, foam stabilizer, and conditioner, enhancing product cling and user experience, maintaining system stability at low temperatures, and improving rinsing feel Textile Auxiliaries Softening agents, antistatic agents, finishing agents Emulsifying and dispersing component, helping active ingredients uniformly adhere to fiber surces, imparting a soft, fluffy hand feel to brics, and reducing static buildup during production Metalworking Fluids Cutting fluids, grinding fluids, emulsifiable oils, rust preventatives Efficient emulsifier and lubricant additive, promoting stable oil-water system dispersion, providing boundary lubrication performance, extending tool life, and improving workpiece surce finish Plastics & Rubber Processing Polymer processing, filled modification, mold forming Internal lubricant and mold release agent, reducing friction between melt and processing equipment, improving filler dispersion in resin, enhancing product surce finish without affecting transparency, and reducing mold fouling Application Recommendations In formulation design, it is recommended to use Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS as a multifunctional additive: In personal care formulations, it can synergize with various ionic surctants, functioning as a primary or auxiliary emulsifier to improve cream and lotion stability; In metalworking fluid formulations, it is recommended for emulsifying and dispersing oil-water systems to provide reliable boundary lubrication; In plastic processing, adding an appropriate amount of this product can significantly improve melt flowability and mold release performance. Due to its excellent resistance to acids, alkalis, and hard water stability, this product is particularly suitable for industrial formulations with wide pH ranges and complex water quality conditions. Its nonionic nature means it is virtually unaffected by other ionic components in the system during compounding, offering extremely high formulation flexibility. Precautions The product is a waxy solid at room temperature; gentle heating (recommended not exceeding 40°C) may be required for convenient feeding and dispersion before use. Avoid generation and inhalation of dust during handling. If the work environment is prone to dust generation, local exhaust ventilation or wearing a dust mask is recommended. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse. The ambient temperature is recommended to be controlled between 5°C and 40°C. Keep the container tightly closed to prevent moisture absorption. Keep away from strong oxidizing agents. Avoid prolonged exposure to excessive heat and open flames. This product is readily biodegradable and has a low cumulative environmental impact. However, avoid spills entering drains and surce water systems.

Question 10

What are the physicochemical technical parameters of Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS?

Accepted Answer

Comprehensive Analysis of Physicochemical Technical Parameters of Guoli Chemical Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS (PEG 400DS) Detailed Description Polyethylene Glycol Distearate 400DS (PEG-400 Distearate, CAS No.: 9005-08-7) is a high-quality non-ionic surctant produced by Haian Guoli Chemical Co., Ltd. This product appears as a white to slightly yellow waxy solid, refined by esterification of polyethylene glycol with stearic acid, with a diester content of over 90%, molecular weight of approximately 930, and it is a water-in-oil emulsifier with moderate HLB value. This product has excellent chemical stability, stable performance under normal temperature conditions, but attention should be paid to controlling conditions in extreme pH environments (especially strong alkalis). It features low foaming characteristics, extremely low unsaturation (iodine value ≤1), and excellent dispersion and emulsifying capabilities, widely used in personal care products, industrial preparations, and polymer processing fields. Technical Parameters CategoryParameter NameSpecification ValueRemarks Basic InformationChemical NamePolyethylene Glycol (400) Distearate— CAS No.9005-08-7— Molecular FormulaC₁₇H₃₅COO(C₂H₄O)ₙOCC₁₇H₃₅n≈8~12 Molecular WeightApproximately 930— Ionic TypeNon-ionic— Physical PropertiesAppearanceWhite to slightly yellow waxy solid— DensityApproximately 0.95 g/cm³— Melting Point40~50°C— Kinematic ViscosityApproximately 30 mm²/sMeasured at 100°C Refractive Index1.450~1.455Measured at 60°C SolubilityWater SolubilityDispersible in water— Alcohol SolubilitySoluble in ethanol, isopropanol— HygroscopicityLow— Flash Point>200°C— Chemical StabilityStable at room temperatureAvoid strong acids and alkalis Key Chemical IndicatorsActive Matter Content≥99%— pH Value (1% Aqueous Solution)5.0~7.0— Acid Value≤5 mgKOH/g— Saponification Value110~130 mgKOH/g— Hydroxyl Value≤5 mgKOH/g— Iodine Value≤1 gI₂/100gExtremely low unsaturation Moisture Content≤1.0%— Diester Content≥90%— Monoester Content≤5%— Free Alcohol≤1%— Solid Content100%— Heavy Metals (as Pb)≤10 mg/kg— Arsenic (As)≤2 mg/kg— Application Performance ParametersHLB Value7.5Theoretical calculated value Alkali ResistanceNot resistant to strong alkalis— Foaming PerformanceLow foaming— Cloud PointNo data availableNon-ionic characteristic Surce TensionNo data available— Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC)No data available— Application Recommendations This product has an HLB value of 7.5, which lls within the typical range of lipophilic emulsifiers, especially suitable for preparing W/O emulsion systems, and can be used as a co-emulsifier or stabilizer in O/W systems. According to recommendations from Guoli Chemical's product database, typical application areas and suggestions are as follows: Personal Care Products: Used as the main emulsifier and thickener in creams, conditioners, and shampoos, recommended dosage 0.5%~3%, needs to be at 50°

PEG-400DS Distearate

Product Details

Applications

Properties

Safety

Product Overview

Performance Features

Packaging and Storage

Specialty Applications

Product Properties

Safety

GHS

Handling

Storage

First Aid

Related Products

Property	Value
CAS No.	9005-08-7
Molecular Formula	C17H35COO(C2H4O)nOCC17H35, n≈8~12
Appearance	White to pale yellow flake solid
Ionic Type	Nonionic
Avg. Molecular Weight	Approx. 930
Active Content	≥99
pH Value(1%)	5.0~7.0
pH Value(5%)	5.0~7.0
Iodine Value	≤1
Solubility	Dispersible in hot water
Acid Value	≤5
Saponification Value	110~130
Hydroxyl Value	≤5
Moisture	≤1.0
Density	~0.95
Kinematic Viscosity	~30 (100°C)
Refractive Index	1.450-1.455 (60°C)
Flash Point	>200
Hygroscopicity	Low
Chemical Stability	Stable at room temperature; avoid prolonged exposure to strong acids/alkalis and high temp
Foam Property	Low foam
Alkali Resistance	Not resistant to strong alkali
Unsaturation	Very low
Melting Point	40~50
Monoester Content	≤5%
Diester Content	≥90%
Solid Content	100
Free Alcohol	≤1%
Heavy Metal	≤10
Arsenic	≤2

PEG-400DS Distearate

Product Details

Applications

Properties

Safety

Product Overview

Performance Features

Packaging and Storage

Specialty Applications

Product Properties

Safety

GHS

Handling

Storage

First Aid

Related Products

Hydrogenated Castor Oil Ethoxylate HEL-40

G-25 Glycerol Ethoxylate 25E

G-18 Glycerol Ethoxylate

Emulsifier FM, Triethanolamine Monooleate

PEG400DL, PEG-400 Dilaurate