Emulsifier A-105 (Nonylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether) is an excellent nonionic surfactant, but special attention must be paid to its safety and environmental requirements during use. The product is severely irritating to the eyes and can cause corneal damage, which is the greatest safety risk during use; at the same time, it is toxic to aquatic organisms and not readily biodegradable, so strict control must be exercised during wastewater treatment and discharge.
From an occupational safety perspective, operators should receive special training before starting work to fully understand the hazardous characteristics of this product and emergency measures. The workplace should maintain good ventilation, and local exhaust or general ventilation facilities are recommended. For personal protection, chemical safety goggles are mandatory, and when necessary, wear impermeable gloves and protective clothing. Eating, drinking, and smoking are prohibited during operation. After operation, thoroughly wash hands and exposed skin.
From an environmental protection perspective, the product has a fish LC₅₀ (96h) of only 1-10 mg/L and a Daphnia EC₅₀ (48h) of 1-10 mg/L, which may cause significant harm to aquatic ecosystems even at low concentrations. Therefore, during use and disposal, discharge into water bodies must be avoided. Waste materials should be properly disposed of according to local environmental regulations and must not be dumped indiscriminately.
| Item | Parameter |
|---|---|
| Acute Oral Toxicity (LD₅₀, rat) | >2000 mg/kg |
| Skin Irritation | Mild irritation (single exposure) |
| Eye Irritation | Risk of severe irritation/damage (may cause corneal damage) |
| Skin Sensitization | Not a sensitizer |
| Fish LC₅₀ (96h) | 1-10 mg/L |
| Daphnia EC₅₀ (48h) | 1-10 mg/L |
| Algae EC₅₀ (72h) | >10 mg/L |
| Biodegradability | Not readily biodegradable (possibly persistent) |
| Flash Point (closed cup) | >150°C |
Eye Contact (top priority): Immediately open eyelids and flush with running water or saline solution slowly for 15-20 minutes. Do not rub eyes. Seek medical attention promptly and inform the doctor of the risk of corneal damage. This is the most serious safety hazard of this product and requires priority prevention.
Skin Contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing and wash skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation persists, seek medical attention.
Inhalation: Move the person to fresh air and keep breathing unobstructed. If respiratory distress occurs, administer oxygen immediately and seek medical attention.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Immediately rinse mouth and drink 1-2 glasses of water. If the person is unconscious, do not give anything by mouth. Seek medical attention quickly.
Spill Disposal: Eliminate all ignition sources and ensure adequate ventilation. Wear appropriate protective equipment. Use inert absorbent materials (such as sand, vermiculite) to contain and collect the spill. Avoid entry into sewers or water bodies. Dispose of collected material as hazardous waste. Clean contaminated area thoroughly with water or suitable solvent.
Fire Fighting: The product is not easily flammable, but when heated or burned, it may release irritating or toxic fumes. Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Extinguishing media: water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry powder, or carbon dioxide. Do not use a straight water stream.