G-25 Glycereth-25 (Glycereth-25) is produced from natural glycerol and approximately 25 moles of ethylene oxide through precisely controlled polymerization. The product appears as a colorless to slightly yellow transparent liquid. It is a nonionic surfactant with hygroscopicity, a melting point below -10°C (liquid at room temperature), a flash point above 200°C, and under normal operating conditions, it is neither flammable nor explosive. Its chemical properties are stable at room temperature, but prolonged contact with strong acids, strong bases, and high temperatures should be avoided.
The product purity is ≥99% (solid content ≥99%), free alcohol content ≤0.5%, and moisture content ≤1.0%. Total heavy metals are controlled at ≤10 mg/kg, arsenic content ≤2 mg/kg, meeting the safety standards of fine chemicals. The pH value of a 1% aqueous solution is 5.0~7.0, nearly neutral, with very low skin irritation. The following is a complete table of physicochemical technical parameters, sourced from the Guoli Chemical Product Certificate of Analysis (COA) and product standards.
| Parameter Item | Specification Value |
|---|---|
| Basic Information | |
| INCI Name | Glycereth-25 |
| CAS Number | 31694-55-0 |
| Molecular Formula | C₃H₅O(CH₂CH₂O)nH, n≈25 |
| Molecular Weight | Approximately 1200 |
| Ionic Type | Nonionic |
| Appearance | Colorless to slightly yellow transparent liquid |
| Physical Properties | |
| Density | Approximately 1.05~1.10 g/cm³ |
| Kinematic Viscosity (40°C) | Approximately 150 mm²/s |
| Rotational Viscosity (25°C) | Approximately 150 mPa·s |
| Refractive Index (25°C) | Approximately 1.465 |
| Melting Point | < -10°C (liquid) |
| Flash Point | >200°C |
| Water Solubility | Readily soluble in water |
| Hygroscopicity | Hygroscopic |
| Surface Activity Parameters | |
| HLB Value | 13.5 |
| Cloud Point (1% Aqueous Solution) | >100°C |
| Surface Tension (0.1%, 25°C) | Approximately 32 mN/m |
| Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) | Approximately 0.1% (w/v) |
| Foaming Property | Low foaming |
| Penetration Power (Canvas Sink Method) | >300 s |
| Chemical Indicators | |
| pH Value (1% Aqueous Solution) | 5.0~7.0 |
| pH Value (5% Aqueous Solution) | 5.0~7.5 |
| Acid Value | ≤0.5 mg KOH/g |
| Hydroxyl Value | Approximately 130~150 mg KOH/g |
| Saponification Value | ≤2 mg KOH/g |
| Iodine Value | ≤1 g I₂/100g |
| Amine Value | ≤1 mg KOH/g |
| Tertiary Amine Content | ≤0.5% |
| Unsaturation | <0.01 mol/kg |
| Monophosphate Content | ≤0.1% |
| Diphosphate Content | ≤0.1% |
| Free Phosphoric Acid | ≤0.1% |
| Combined Phosphorus | ≤0.05% |
| Monoester/Diester Content | None |
| Purity and Impurity Control | |
| Active Matter Content | ≥99% |
| Solid Content | ≥99% |
| Free Alcohol | ≤0.5% |
| Moisture | ≤1.0% |
| Total Heavy Metals | ≤10 mg/kg |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤2 mg/kg |
| Chemical Stability and Safety Parameters | |
| Chemical Stability | Stable at room temperature; avoid prolonged contact with strong acids, strong bases, and high temperatures |
| Alkali Resistance | Resistant to dilute alkalis; may degrade under high temperature concentrated alkalis |
| Physicochemical Hazard | Non-flammable, non-explosive |
| GHS Hazard Classification | Not classified as physical, health, or environmental hazard |
| Biodegradability (OECD 301F) | 28-day degradation rate > 60% |
| Bioaccumulation Potential | Not bioaccumulative |
| Toxicological Parameters | |
| Acute Oral Toxicity (Rat LD₅₀) | >5000 mg/kg (Practically non-toxic) |
| Acute Dermal Toxicity (Rat LD₅₀) | >2000 mg/kg |
| Skin Irritation (Rabbit) | Non-irritating (Primary irritation index 0) |
| Eye Irritation (Rabbit) | Mildly irritating (Reversible within 48 hours) |
| Skin Sensitization (Guinea Pig) | |