According to the technical data from Guoli Chemical, there is no fixed recommended addition amount for Rubai Ling/O-8; it needs to be determined through experiments based on specific application fields, formulation systems, and process conditions. The following provides typical usage and reference dosage ranges for your formulation debugging.
### 1. Direct Answer
Rubai Ling/O-8 is typically used as an emulsifier, penetrant, or detergent in formulations. It is recommended to heat it to a flowable state before adding it to the system. Typical recommended addition amounts for different fields are: 0.5%~3% for textile scouring/cleaning, 2%~8% for industrial cleaning, 3%~10% for pesticide emulsification, and 1%~3% for emulsion polymerization. The optimal dosage must be determined through experiments.
### 2. Detailed Explanation and Process Recommendations
Rubai Ling/O-8 is a white to slightly yellow paste or flake at room temperature. For convenient feeding and dispersion, it is recommended to heat it in a water bath to 40°C~50°C to make it flowable, then slowly add it to the system under stirring. Due to its nonionic nature, it is soluble in water and various organic solvents, and can be compounded with anionic, cationic, and amphoteric surfactants, making it flexible for various formulations.
### 3. Specific Data and Typical Dosage (by Application Field)
| Application Field | Functional Role | Recommended Addition Amount (weight percentage) | Process Key Points |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Textile Dyeing and Finishing Auxiliaries** | High-temperature scouring agent, penetrant, detergent | 0.5% - 3% (based on working solution) | Suitable for pretreatment of cotton and blended fabrics. Can be compounded with anionic auxiliaries to synergistically remove oil stains and improve capillary effect. |
| **Industrial and Household Cleaners** | Primary surfactant or co-surfactant | 2% - 8% (based on concentrated formula) | Used for metal hard surface cleaning and heavy oil degreaser. Can be compounded with alkali, chelating agents, solvents, etc., to enhance detergency and rinsability. |
| **Pesticide Emulsification** | Emulsifier, wetting dispersant | 3% - 10% (based on total formulation weight) | When preparing emulsifiable concentrates (EC) and oil-in-water emulsions (EW), it can be used alone or compounded with other emulsifiers to adjust HLB value, optimizing emulsion stability and dilution performance. |
| **Emulsion Polymerization** | Emulsifier, stabilizer | 1% - 3% (based on total monomer weight) | Applied in acrylic, styrene-acrylic, etc. emulsion polymerization systems. Can be added during the pre-emulsification stage to effectively control latex particle size and improve latex mechanical stability. |
| **Paper Deinking** | Deinking agent, dispersant | 0.1% - 0.5% (based on dry pulp weight) | Added in the pulping and deinking stage to promote ink detachment and emulsification dispersion, prevent ink redeposition, and improve pulp brightness. |
| **Leather Processing** | Soaking agent, degreasing agent | 0.5% - 2% (based on leather weight) | Used in soaking or degreasing processes to accelerate dry leather softening, efficiently emulsify and remove natural fats. Recommended operating temperature is 25°C-35°C. |
| **Metalworking Fluids** | Basic emulsifier, cleaning component | 5% - 20% (based on concentrate weight) | Used for preparing cutting fluids, grinding fluids, and inter-process cleaners, providing lubrication, cooling, and emulsification cleaning capabilities to the system. |
### 4. Application Suggestions and Compounding Guide
- **HLB Value and Emulsification Selection**: The HLB value of Rubai Ling/O-8 is about 12-13, suitable for O/W emulsions. When emulsifying different oil phases, it can be compounded with emulsifiers of lower HLB (such as Rubai Ling/O-3, O-5) or higher HLB to achieve the most stable emulsification effect.
- **Increasing Cloud Point**: In high-temperature textile pretreatment processes, compounding with an appropriate amount of anionic surfactant can significantly raise the cloud point, ensuring penetration and emulsification efficiency at high temperatures.
- **Thickening and Foam Adjustment**: In liquid cleaning formulations, viscosity and foam properties can be adjusted by adding auxiliaries such as amine oxides or alkanolamides.
### 5. Precautions
- **Safety Warning**: According to Guoli Chemical technical data, this product is harmful if swallowed, causes skin irritation and serious eye damage, and has long-term lasting effects on aquatic organisms. Protective gloves, goggles, and work clothes must be worn during operation, and use in a well-ventilated area.
- **Storage Conditions**: It is recommended to store in a cool, dry place below 30°C, keep the container sealed, and prevent moisture. Seal tightly after use.
- **Experimental Verification**: The above addition amounts are typical reference ranges. Due to differences in material properties, process conditions, and equipment among manufacturers, it is strongly recommended to conduct small-scale experiments to determine the precise dosage best suited for your system.
