Question

Precautions for using polyethylene glycol PEG-300?

Answer
2026-05-27 官方文档 聚乙二醇PEG-300

Polyethylene glycol PEG-300 is a non-hazardous substance with high safety. However, due to its hygroscopic nature and the need to control operating temperature, attention must be paid to personal protection, storage conditions, and isolation from strong oxidizing agents during use.

Detailed Description

Polyethylene glycol PEG-300 (CAS number: 25322-68-3) is a non-ionic surfactant, appearing as a colorless to slightly yellow transparent viscous liquid. It is widely used in pharmaceuticals, daily chemicals, industry, coatings, and agriculture. Although this product is not classified as hazardous according to GHS assessment, with an acute oral toxicity LD50 > 20 g/kg (practically non-toxic) and being non-irritating and non-sensitizing to the skin, standard operating procedures still need to be followed during actual use to ensure personnel safety and maintain product quality.

One of the most notable characteristics of this product is its strong hygroscopicity. It easily absorbs moisture from the air after opening. Therefore, during use, the time it is exposed to air should be minimized, and the container should be immediately resealed after removal to avoid product dilution or deterioration due to prolonged exposure to humid air. Additionally, the operating temperature should be controlled within a safe range, recommended to be below 170°C, away from its flash point (closed cup 195°C~234°C), to prevent the generation of irritating decomposition products at high temperatures.

Furthermore, although PEG-300 has excellent chemical stability and can withstand acidic, alkaline, and hard water environments, contact with strong oxidizing agents (such as peroxides, permanganates, concentrated nitric acid, etc.) must be strictly avoided, as it may cause hazardous reactions. When pumping or stirring in large quantities, anti-static grounding measures are recommended to eliminate potential risks.

Safety Operation Requirements

Protection ItemSpecific Requirements
Eye ProtectionWear chemical safety goggles to prevent splashing into eyes (this product is slightly irritating to the eyes)
Hand ProtectionWear chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile rubber or neoprene material)
Body ProtectionWear appropriate protective clothing to avoid extensive skin contact
Ventilation RequirementsMaintain good ventilation at the workplace to avoid accumulation of vapors generated by heating
Operating TemperatureRecommended to be controlled below 170°C in a safe range, away from the flash point
Incompatible MaterialsStrictly avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents (peroxides, permanganates, concentrated nitric acid, etc.)
Static PreventionAnti-static grounding measures are recommended when pumping or stirring in large quantities
Personal HygieneThoroughly wash hands and any skin areas that come into contact after operation; avoid eating, drinking, and smoking during operation

Storage Precautions

Storage ConditionsSpecific Requirements
Storage TemperatureRecommended 5°C~40°C, in a cool, dry place, avoid freezing or prolonged high-temperature exposure
Container MaterialUse original sealed containers or dedicated containers made of stainless steel or polyethylene (HDPE/LDPE)
Sealing RequirementsKeep containers sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination; reseal promptly after opening
Isolated StorageStore separately from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, and strong bases; keep away from open flames and heat sources
Stacking and LabelingEnsure stable stacking with stack height in compliance with safety regulations; set clear chemical labels and safety warning signs in the storage area

Emergency Treatment

Skin Contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing, flush with plenty of running water and soap for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention if discomfort persists.

Eye Contact: Immediately lift eyelids and rinse thoroughly with plenty of running water or saline for at least 15 minutes; seek ophthalmological care if irritation persists.

Inhalation: Move to fresh air quickly, keep airways open; seek immediate medical attention if respiratory discomfort or persistent cough occurs.

Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water immediately, do not induce vomiting; if conscious, drink appropriate amount of water or milk to dilute, then seek medical help promptly.

Spill Treatment: For small spills, cover and absorb with inert absorbent materials (sand, vermiculite, etc.), then shovel into closed containers; for large spills, contain with dikes and transfer using explosion-proof pumps. Prevent spills from entering sewers, surface water, and soil.

Application Recommendations

Depending on the application field, special attention is needed during use:

  • Pharmaceutical Field: When used as ointment base, suppository base, or injection solvent, ensure the product meets pharmaceutical-grade standards, strictly control microbial indicators, and operate under GMP conditions.
  • Daily Chemical Field: When added as a humectant in skincare products and toothpaste, recommended dosage should be determined through formulation trials, and compatibility testing with other components should be performed.
  • Coatings and Inks: When used as a solvent and plasticizer, determine the optimal addition ratio through small-scale tests, and pay attention to its impact on drying speed and film-forming properties.
  • Pesticide Field: When used as an emulsifier and spreader, it is recommended to dilute before addition to avoid local high concentrations affecting formulation stability.
  • Industrial Lubrication: When used in textile, papermaking, and other processing, select the appropriate PEG grade based on process temperature; PEG-300 is suitable for room temperature to medium temperature conditions.

Additional Notes

  • Although this product has very low toxicity, prolonged or repeated direct skin contact should still be avoided; develop good industrial hygiene habits.
  • Control temperature during heating operations to avoid exceeding 170°C, which could cause thermal decomposition and generate trace amounts of irritating aldehydes.
  • This product is biodegradable and essentially non-toxic to aquatic organisms (fish LC50 > 1000 mg/L), but waste liquid should still not be directly discharged into water bodies; dispose of in compliance with local regulations.
  • The product is hygroscopic; ensure timely sealing after use, otherwise, the moisture content may increase, affecting performance.
  • It is not recommended to mix with strong acids, strong bases, or oxidizing substances in the same process without prior compatibility verification.