PEG400DO, with the full chemical name polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate (CAS No.: 9004-96-0), also known as PEG-8 Dioleate, is a diester-type nonionic surfactant produced by esterifying polyethylene glycol 400 with oleic acid. The product appears as a pale yellow to amber liquid, with a molecular weight of approximately 900–1000, a diester content of ≥90%, and an active ingredient content of ≥99%. Its molecular structure, featuring a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide chain (n≈8) and a lipophilic long oleic acid carbon chain, provides a balanced amphiphilic property, giving it a stable HLB value of around 8.5. It can serve as a water-in-oil (W\/O) emulsifier and also function as a secondary oil-in-water (O\/W) emulsifier in specific systems.
As a nonionic surfactant, PEG400DO exhibits good tolerance to acidic, alkaline, and hard water environments, with flexible compatibility that allows it to work with anionic, cationic, and other nonionic systems. Its critical micelle concentration (CMC) is approximately 1×10⁻⁴ mol\/L, and its surface tension is about 30 mN\/m (0.1% solution, 25°C), endowing it with excellent interfacial activity and wetting-spreading capability. The product has a cloud point of 40–50°C (1% aqueous solution) and is a low-foaming surfactant, making it suitable for processing scenarios requiring foam control. It should be noted that due to the presence of ester bonds in the molecule, it can hydrolyze under strong alkaline conditions and is therefore not suitable for high-alkalinity formulation environments.
This product is classified as a low-toxicity substance, with an acute oral LD50 > 5000 mg\/kg (rat), is easily biodegradable, and has a relatively low environmental impact. However, caution is still required as it may cause skin irritation, eye irritation, and respiratory irritation. According to GHS classification, it falls under skin irritation category 2, eye irritation category 2, and respiratory irritation category 3.
| Parameter | Value \/ Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate (PEG-8 Dioleate) |
| CAS No. | 9004-96-0 |
| Appearance | Pale yellow to amber liquid |
| Ionic Type | Nonionic |
| HLB Value | 8.5 |
| Molecular Weight | 900~1000 |
| Active Ingredient | ≥99% |
| Diester Content | ≥90% |
| Monoester Content | ≤5% |
| Acid Value | ≤5.0 mgKOH\/g |
| Saponification Value | 116~126 mgKOH\/g |
| Hydroxyl Value | ≤15 mgKOH\/g |
| Iodine Value | 55~65 gI₂\/100g |
| Moisture Content | ≤0.5% |
| pH Value (1% Aqueous Solution) | 5.0~7.5 |
| Cloud Point (1% Aqueous Solution) | 40~50°C |
| Density | 1.11~1.13 g\/cm³ |
| Kinematic Viscosity (25°C) | 100~200 mm²\/s |
| Refractive Index | 1.466~1.468 |
| Flash Point | >200°C |
| Surface Tension (0.1% Solution, 25°C) | Approx. 30 mN\/m |
| Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) | Approx. 1×10⁻⁴ mol\/L |
| Foam Characteristics | Low foaming |
| Solubility | Dispersible in water; soluble in ethanol, acetone, and other organic solvents |
| Alkali Resistance | Not alkali-resistant; ester bond is prone to hydrolysis |
| Heavy Metals | ≤10 mg\/kg |
| Arsenic | ≤2 mg\/kg |
| Packaging Specifications | 50kg plastic drum \/ 200kg plastic drum \/ IBC tote |
*The above parameter data are sourced from the Guoli Chemical Product Database.
With its balanced hydrophilic-lipophilic properties and versatile surface activity, PEG400DO excels in the following five key areas:
Additionally, PEG400DO can be extended to applications such as pigment dispersants, ink additives, and industrial cleaners, demonstrating its multifunctional surfactant advantages.