Question 1

Is PEG400DO (PEG 400 Dioleate) harmful to human health? Does it have an environmental impact?

Accepted Answer

PEG400DO (PEG 400 Dioleate) is a low-toxicity nonionic surctant that poses low hazard to human health under normal use conditions, but attention should be paid to its irritation to skin, eyes and respiratory tract; its overall environmental impact is relatively small due to its ready biodegradability. Detailed Description PEG400DO (PEG 400 Dioleate) is classified as a low-toxicity substance in toxicology. Its acute oral toxicity is extremely low, with a rat oral LD50 greater than 5000 mg/kg, and under exposure levels in daily industrial and consumer product formulations, it does not pose a systemic toxicity risk. However, its local irritation to humans cannot be ignored — direct contact may cause skin irritation (H315), splash into eyes causes serious eye irritation (H319), and inhalation of vapor or mist may cause respiratory tract irritation (H335). These hazard categories are GHS Category 2 or Category 3, representing moderate reversible irritation, not corrosive or permanent damage. In terms of environment, the ecotoxicity level of PEG400DO is relatively mild. Studies have shown that it may have some harmful effects on aquatic organisms, but because the product is readily biodegradable, it does not persist or accumulate in the natural environment for a long time. Microorganisms in wastewater treatment systems can effectively decompose it, without causing continuous harm to the aquatic ecosystem. Overall, as long as emission and treatment are carried out in accordance with regulations, its environmental impact is controllable and minimal. Technical Parameters Safety IndicatorParameter GHS Skin Irritation ClassificationCategory 2 (Causes skin irritation) GHS Eye Irritation ClassificationCategory 2 (Causes serious eye irritation) GHS Specific Target Organ Toxicity (Single Exposure)Category 3 (Respiratory tract irritation) Acute Oral Toxicity (Rat)LD50 > 5000 mg/kg BiodegradabilityReadily biodegradable Aquatic EcotoxicityMay cause harmful effects to aquatic organisms Overall Toxicity GradeLow-toxicity substance Application Suggestions Based on its safety profile, PEG400DO can be safely used in personal care products (cial cleansers, body washes, makeup removers, etc.), textile oils, metalworking fluids, agrochemical formulations, and industrial lubricants. The typical addition level in formulations is between 1% and 10%, within which the skin irritation of the finished product is greatly reduced. As a nonionic surctant, its mild nature makes it particularly suitable for daily chemical product formulations requiring high skin compatibility. Precautions Personal protection: Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection/ce shield (P280) during operation to avoid direct contact with skin and eyes. Ventilation requirements: Avoid inhalation of vapor, mist or spray. Keep the workplace well ventilated (P261). Emergency measures: If in eyes, rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, continue rinsing (P305+P351+P338). If eye irritation persists, seek medical advice/attention (P337+P313). Post-work cleaning: Wash hands and exposed areas thoroughly after handling (P264). Environmental management: Although the product is readily biodegradable, avoid direct discharge into natural waters without treatment. It is recommended to treat through a standard wastewater treatment system before discharge.

Question 2

What should I do if problems occur during the use of PEG400DO, Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate? How to obtain technical support?

Accepted Answer

Don't panic when encountering usage problems. First, check common causes, and simultaneously obtain professional technical support through official channels of Guoli Chemical Detailed Explanation If problems such as poor emulsification, stratification, turbidity, or performance fluctuations occur during the use of PEG400DO (Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate), they are usually related to operating conditions, formulation compatibility, or product storage. As a nonionic surctant (HLB value approximately 8.5), its molecular structure contains ester bonds and is sensitive to pH and temperature. It is recommended to first conduct self-troubleshooting from the following dimensions: ① System pH value — This product is not alkali-resistant. Under conditions with pH > 8, the ester bonds are prone to hydrolysis, leading to reduced emulsifying capacity; ② Operating temperature — The cloud point of a 1% aqueous solution is about 40~50 °C. Excessive operating temperature can cause phase separation; ③ Feeding sequence and homogenization conditions — It is recommended to pre-dissolve the product in the oil phase, then mix it with the water phase with appropriate stirring to avoid local concentration unevenness. If the problem still cannot be resolved, thoroughly record the formulation, process conditions, and abnormal phenomena, and promptly provide feedback to the supplier. For complex formulation systems (such as multi-component synergy in metalworking fluids, compatibility with active ingredients in pesticide formulations, etc.), product performance may be affected by other surctants or electrolytes. Although PEG400DO has good compatibility with anionic, cationic, and other nonionic systems, improper blending ratios can still cause competitive adsorption or salting-out effects. In such cases, systematic analysis combined with the specific formulation architecture is required. As a manucturer, Guoli Chemical has complete application laboratories and technical teams that can provide formulation optimization suggestions and troubleshooting solutions for specific scenarios. How to Obtain Technical Support from Guoli Chemical Guoli Chemical provides full-cycle technical services for all product users. It is recommended to seek help through the following official channels: Review accompanying product documents: Each batch of product comes with a Technical Data Sheet (TDS) and Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS), which contain recommended usage conditions, safe operation guidelines, and emergency measures. First, check whether the operation complies with the document requirements. Contact the sales manager/regional representative: Directly contact the supply liaison person, who can fully transfer the issue to the technical department and coordinate a telephone callback or video diagnosis by technical personnel. Call the Guoli Chemical official website service hotline: Visit the Guoli Chemical official website (search for the latest URL via a search engine) to obtain the technical consulting hotline and customer service email. Submit a description of the problem, product batch number, and on-site photos. Send samples for retesting and analysis: If product quality abnormality is suspected, retain samples from the problematic batch and unopened unused materials from the same batch, and send them back to the Guoli Chemical analysis laboratory according to the after-sales process for index retesting and root cause tracing. On-site technical support: For large-scale projects or recurring problems, Guoli Chemical can dispatch application engineers to the site for joint debugging to assist in optimizing production processes and formulation solutions. Technical Parameters (For Troubleshooting Reference) Parameter NameValueTroubleshooting Significance AppearanceLight yellow to amber liquidSignificant color deepening may indicate high-temperature oxidation or prolonged storage HLB ValueApproximately 8.5Suitable for W/O emulsification and oil-based dispersion; not suitable for high-water content O/W systems Cloud Point (1% aqueous solution)40~50 °CExceeding the cloud point during use will cause the surctant to precipitate, making the system turbid pH Value (1% aqueous solution)5.0~7.5pH deviation from this range or excessive alkalinity in the system may lead to ester bond hydrolysis Alkali ResistanceNot alkali-resistant, ester bonds are prone to hydrolysisNot suitable for strongly alkaline formulations with pH consistently above 8 Active Content≥99%Insufficient content will affect overall performance Moisture Content≤0.5%Excessive moisture due to improper packaging sealing will accelerate ester hydrolysis Flash Point＞200 °CSafe for operation, but prolonged high-temperature heating may still cause thermal decomposition Application Recommendations Textile Oils: If yarn stiffness or increased breakage occurs, check whether the oil pick-up rate meets the standard, and verify the proportion of this product in the oil blend and the particle size distribution of the emulsion. Metalworking Fluids: If the emulsion breaks quickly or rust prevention is insufficient, check whether the system pH is too high, the dilution water hardness is too high, and whether the oleic acid supplement amount matches. Personal Care Products: If the finished product feels too dry during washing or stability decreases, evaluate the sequential compatibility with thickeners and preservatives, and adjust the content of this product to avoid excessive degreasing. Pesticide Formulations: If the active ingredient precipitates or sticks to the wall, consider whether the solvent system is suitable and whether the co-emulsifier is insufficient. If necessary, combine with surctants with higher HLB values for synergistic enhancement. Precautions Wear protective gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing (meeting P280 requirements) during operation to avoid skin and eye contact and prevent irritation caused by H315 and H319 hazards. Avoid inhaling vapors or mists generated during heating (guard against H335 respiratory irritation). Maintain good ventilation at the workplace. In case of eye contact, immediately open eyelids and rinse continuously with clean water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses and continue rinsing. If irritation persists, seek medical attention immediately (follow P305+P351+P338 and P337+P313). Store in a cool, dry place, seal to prevent moisture, and keep away from strong alkalis and oxidizing agents to ensure ester bond stability. Dispose of waste in accordance with local environmental regulations. Although this product is readily biodegradable, it may still have harmful effects on aquatic organisms.

Question 3

How to purchase PEG400DO, Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate? What is the minimum order quantity?

Accepted Answer

PEG400DO (Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate) must be ordered directly through the Guoli Chemical sales team. The minimum order quantity is typically based on packaging specifications, and it is recommended to contact them for the latest solution. Detailed Description PEG400DO (Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate, CAS No.: 9004-96-0) is a core nonionic surctant product of Guoli Chemical. According to the corporate database, this product is only sold to enterprise customers through direct sales channels and is not available for online retail. For specific procurement processes and real-time quotations, please consult the official sales team of Haian Guoli Chemical Co., Ltd. The product database shows that PEG400DO is available in three standard packaging options: 50kg plastic drum, 200kg plastic drum, and IBC tote. In common practice in the chemical industry, the minimum order quantity is usually the smallest single package size (i.e., 50kg/drum), but the actual minimum may vary depending on inventory, order priority, or customization requirements, as confirmed by the sales confirmation. Technical Parameters ParameterTypical Value Appearance (25°C)Light yellow to amber liquid Active Content≥99% HLB Value8.5 Diester Content≥90% Acid Value≤5.0 mgKOH\/g Iodine Value55~65 gI₂\/100g Saponification Value116~126 mgKOH\/g Available Packaging50kg plastic drum \/ 200kg plastic drum \/ IBC tote Application Suggestions If you are a first-time user, it is recommended to order the 50kg standard drum for formulation verification. The recommended dosage of this product in textile oils is 3%~8%, in metalworking fluids as a primary emulsifier at 5%~15%, and in personal care formulations, a addition of 1%~5% is suggested. Precautions This product is a nonionic surctant. Store it sealed and protected from light, avoiding high temperature and humid environments. The ester bond is not resistant to strong alkali. Control the pH value within 5~8 in the formulation to avoid hydrolysis ilure. Wear protective gloves and goggles during operation to avoid direct skin and eye contact (Hazard classification: H315\/H319\/H335). The above prices are for database reference only. The final transaction price should be verified with the Guoli Chemical sales team for a timely quotation.

Question 4

PEG400DO, Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate - Does it meet environmental requirements? Can a test report be provided?

Accepted Answer

PEG400DO (Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate) generally meets basic environmental requirements. It is characterized by easy biodegradability and is a low-toxicity, environmentally friendly nonionic surctant. Detailed Description PEG400DO (Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate) performs well in terms of environmental compliance. According to information from the Guoli Chemical Product Database, this product belongs to a low-toxicity substance, with an acute oral toxicity LD50 value greater than 5000 mg/kg (rat), indicating extremely low acute toxicity. In the environment, PEG400DO is characterized by easy biodegradability, meaning it can be decomposed by microorganisms under natural conditions and will not persist or accumulate in the environment for a long time, with an overall relatively low impact on ecosystems. It should be noted that although PEG400DO is overall environmentally friendly, its ecotoxicity data suggest that it may have harmful effects on aquatic organisms. Therefore, during industrial use and wastewater discharge, direct discharge into natural water bodies without treatment should be avoided. It is recommended to treat it through standard wastewater treatment systems before discharge to minimize potential risks to the aquatic ecological environment. Summary of Environmental Compliance Assessment DimensionData/ConclusionData Source Acute Toxicity (Oral)LD50 > 5000 mg/kg (rat), classified as low toxicityGuoli Chemical Product Database BiodegradabilityEasily biodegradableGuoli Chemical Product Database EcotoxicityMay have harmful effects on aquatic organismsGuoli Chemical Product Database Environmental PersistenceNot persistent in the environment (easily degraded)Guoli Chemical Product Database GHS Hazard ClassificationSkin irritation (Category 2), Eye irritation (Category 2), Respiratory tract irritation (Category 3)Guoli Chemical Product Database Regarding Test Reports Regarding the test report you mentioned, currently, no specific test report file for PEG400DO is available for direct download or review in the Guoli Chemical Product Database. To obtain formal test reports for the product (such as SGS test reports, RoHS compliance reports, REACH certification, biodegradability test reports, etc.), it is recommended to obtain them through the following methods: Directly contact the Guoli Chemical sales or technical support team and specify your requirements for test reports. Indicate the type of test report you need (e.g., SGS, REACH, RoHS, MSDS Safety Data Sheet, etc.). If you have specific test indicator requirements (such as heavy metal content, biodegradation rate, etc.), you can also mention them to arrange customized testing. Precautions During operation, follow GHS precautionary statements: Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection; avoid inhalation of vapors or mists. If the product gets into the eyes, rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. Industrial wastewater should be properly treated before discharge to avoid adverse effects on the aquatic environment. This product is a low-toxicity substance, but it should still be stored and managed properly to avoid leakage into the environment.

Question 5

What are the advantages of PEG400DO, Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate, compared to other similar products?

Accepted Answer

With its moderate HLB value (about 8.5), high-purity diester structure (≥90%), and excellent lubrication and compatibility properties, PEG400DO achieves a prominent balance of emulsification efficiency, application versatility, and processing adaptability among the same series of PEG oleates. It is a core advantageous variety in the nonionic surctant product line of Guoli Chemical. Detailed Description The performance differences among polyethylene glycol dioleate series products mainly depend on the molecular weight of the PEG chain segment. PEG400DO adopts a PEG chain segment with an average degree of polymerization of about 8, occupying a unique "middle ground" among similar products—compared to low molecular weight products (such as PEG200DO), it has better water dispersibility and stronger emulsion stability; while compared to high molecular weight varieties (such as PEG600DO), this product has lower viscosity and better fluidity, allowing pumpable operation at room temperature without heating, significantly improving process adaptability. From the perspective of structural purity, the diester content of PEG400DO is ≥90%, the monoester content is ≤5%, and free tty acids (acid value ≤5.0) and free alcohols (≤2%) are both controlled at very low levels. A high diester ratio means a higher proportion of dioleic acid chains in the molecule, directly bringing three advantages: first, lubricity is greatly enhanced, effectively reducing the friction coefficient between fibers and metals in textile oils and metalworking fluids; second, the oil-phase anchoring ability is stronger, forming a denser emulsion intercial film, significantly reducing the risk of demulsification; third, compatibility with mineral oils, synthetic esters, and vegetable oil base components is superior, providing outstanding formulation flexibility. The HLB value of PEG400DO is about 8.5, giving it dual potential for W\/O emulsification and O\/W auxiliary emulsification, making it an excellent "transition type" emulsifier. In practical applications, it can be used alone in oil-based systems with low water content, or commonly compounded with high HLB value emulsifiers to precisely adjust the required hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of the formulation. Additionally, its low foaming characteristics (not prone to foam accumulation in circulating systems), eco-friendly biodegradability, and low acute toxicity with an LD50 > 5000 mg\/kg further expand its application space in high-safety requirement fields such as personal care products and agricultural chemicals. Technical Parameters Parameter Item PEG400DO (Guoli Chemical) Typical Range of Similar Products Advantage Interpretation Appearance Light yellow to amber liquid Low molecular weight mostly liquid, high molecular weight may be paste\/solid Liquid at room temperature, pumpable and metered without heating HLB Value About 8.5 PEG200DO about 5~6, PEG600DO about 10~11 Moderate "transition interval", widest emulsification adaptation range Diester Content ≥90% Typically 80%~95% for commercial products High purity diester, better lubricity and intercial film strength Acid Value (mg KOH\/g) ≤5.0 Generally ≤8~10 Very low free tty acids, lower formulation corrosion risk Kinematic Viscosity (25℃, mm²\/s) 100~200 Increases sharply with molecular weight Moderate operating viscosity, low energy consumption for conveying and mixing Surce Tension (0.1%, 25℃, mN\/m) About 30 Similar nonionic types about 28~35 Excellent surce tension reduction, rapid wetting and spreading Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) About 1×10⁻⁴ mol\/L — High micellization efficiency, effective at low concentrations Active Content ≥99% Typically ≥95% for commercial products High effective components, reduces inert diluents in formulations Saponification Value (mg KOH\/g) 116~126 Decreases with increasing molecular weight Moderate ester bond content, balancing stability and biodegradability Iodine Value (gI₂\/100g) 55~65 — Moderate unsaturation, provides necessary fluidity and low-temperature performance Data source: Guoli Chemical product database (Product ID: 229); typical ranges for similar products are industry common reference values, not specific brand comparisons. Application Recommendations Based on the core advantages of PEG400DO, the following usage strategies are recommended in different application scenarios: Textile oil formulations: Recommended addition amount 3%~10%, leveraging its excellent smoothness and antistatic synergistic effects, especially suitable for high-speed spinning processes of synthetic fibers such as polyester and nylon. Can be compounded with anionic antistatic agents to improve the spreading uniformity of the oil on fiber surces. Metalworking fluids: As a primary or auxiliary emulsifier, recommended dosage 5%~15%, used in combination with petroleum sodium sulfonate or synthetic sulfonates to form stable oil-in-water emulsions, significantly enhancing extreme pressure lubricity and reducing tool wear.</

Question 6

How should PEG400DO (Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate) be stored? What is the shelf life?

Accepted Answer

It is recommended to store PEG400DO in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place in a sealed container. Under normal storage conditions, the shelf life is typically 1-2 years (please refer to the batch quality inspection report issued by Guoli Chemical for specific duration). Detailed Explanation According to the Guoli Chemical product database, Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate (PEG400DO) is stable under normal storage conditions. As an ester-based nonionic surctant, when stored in its original sealed container in a cool (recommended temperature range 5°C~35°C), dry, and well-ventilated warehouse, the product's service life can be effectively extended. The actual shelf life varies depending on specific storage conditions such as temperature, humidity, and exposure to air, typically ranging from 12 to 24 months from the date of manucture. Since the product structure contains ester bonds, it is not resistant to strong alkaline environments and is prone to slow hydrolysis when in contact with water (database indicates: not alkali-resistant, ester bonds easily hydrolyze). Therefore, strict avoidance of contact with moisture and alkaline substances during storage is necessary. After each opening, immediately seal the container tightly to prevent moisture from entering, which could cause an increase in acid value and performance degradation. Storage Technical Parameters and Packaging Information Parameter ItemTypical Value/Description AppearanceLight yellow to amber liquid Chemical StabilityStable under normal storage conditions (database source) Flash Point>200°C (closed cup) Density (25°C)1.11~1.13 g/cm³ Kinematic Viscosity (25°C)100~200 mm²/s Standard Packaging50kg plastic drum, 200kg plastic drum, IBC tote Recommended Storage Temperature5°C~35°C, avoid prolonged exposure above 40°C or below 0°C Storage Condition RequirementsSealed, protected from light, moisture-proof, away from heat sources and strong alkaline substances Storage and Handling Recommendations Sealing and Moisture Prevention: PEG400DO contains ester bonds. Contact with moisture or alkali can cause slow hydrolysis, leading to the formation of free oleic acid, increased acid value, and reduced emulsifying performance. Ensure the container lid is kept tightly closed and seal immediately after use. Temperature Control: Avoid prolonged storage above 40°C to prevent color darkening and potential mild thermal decomposition. In winter, when product viscosity increases due to low temperatures, allow it to warm to 15°C~25°C until fluidity is restored; do not heat with open flames. First-In, First-Out Principle: Follow batch first-in, first-out management, and regularly check inventory status to ensure use within the recommended shelf life. Post-Opening Handling: If partially used product cannot be consumed immediately, purge with nitrogen to isolate oxygen and help slow oxidative degradation. Safety Precautions PEG400DO is a low-toxicity substance, but according to GHS classification, it may cause skin and eye irritation (H315/H319) and respiratory irritation (H335). Storage areas should be well-ventilated and equipped with emergency eyewash stations, protective gloves, and protective clothing. Refer to the product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for specific handling instructions.

Question 7

What safety precautions should be taken when using PEG400DO, Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate?

Accepted Answer

When using PEG400DO, focus on protecting skin, eyes and respiratory tract. Wear full personal protective equipment, avoid direct contact and inhalation of vapors/mists. Detailed Description PEG400DO (Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate) is a low-toxicity nonionic surctant with an acute oral toxicity LD50 > 5000 mg/kg (rat), indicating overall low toxicity. However, according to the Guoli Chemical product safety data, this product is still classified by GHS as Skin irritation (Category 2), Eye irritation (Category 2), and Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure (Category 3, respiratory irritation). Therefore, adequate attention must be given during handling and use. In actual use, PEG400DO is a light yellow to amber liquid with a flash point above 200°C. Vapor volatilization is low at room temperature, but during heating, stirring, or spraying operations, mists or vapors may be generated, which can cause respiratory discomfort if inhaled. Its ester bond structure is prone to hydrolysis under alkaline conditions, so it should avoid being mixed, stored, or used with strong alkaline substances to prevent additional risks from decomposition products. GHS Hazards and Precautionary Measures ItemContent GHS ClassificationSkin irritation (Category 2); Eye irritation (Category 2); Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure (Category 3, respiratory irritation) Hazard StatementsH315: Causes skin irritation / H319: Causes serious eye irritation / H335: May cause respiratory irritation Precautionary MeasuresP261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/vapor/sprayP280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/ce protection Post-work RequirementsP264: Wash thoroughly after handling Eye First AidP305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsingP337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention Acute Toxicity (Oral)LD50 > 5000 mg/kg (rat) Application Recommendations When using PEG400DO in scenarios such as textile oil compounding, metalworking fluid formulation, personal care product manucturing, and pesticide formulation processing, it is recommended to operate in a well-ventilated environment. If heating for melting or prolonged stirring is required, activate local exhaust ventilation to reduce accumulation of vapors or mists in the air. The product is a low-foaming surctant, not prone to generating excessive foam during stirring, but attention should still be paid to splashing risks. Precautions Personal Protection: Must wear chemically resistant protective gloves (e.g., nitrile gloves), safety goggles/ce shield, and protective clothing. If necessary, wear an organic vapor respirator. Storage Conditions: Store sealed in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from strong alkaline substances and strong oxidizing agents, to avoid hydrolysis and deterioration of ester bonds. Spill Handling: For small spills, cover and collect with inert absorbent materials (e.g., sand, vermiculite); for large spills, contain and pump into dedicated containers, prevent entry into sewers or waterways. Ecological Impact: May cause harmful effects to aquatic organisms, but the product is readily biodegradable, resulting in low environmental burden after proper disposal. Waste treatment should comply with local regulations; do not discharge arbitrarily. First Aid Measures: For skin contact, immediately wash with plenty of soap and water; for eye contact, rinse with water for at least 15 minutes, seek medical attention if irritation persists; for inhalation, move quickly to fresh air, seek medical attention if respiratory discomfort occurs.

Question 8

PEG400DO, Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate: How to use? What is the recommended dosage?

Accepted Answer

PEG400DO is an oil-soluble nonionic emulsifier, and its dosage varies significantly depending on the application scenario. It typically accounts for 1% to 15% of the total formulation, and the optimal dosage needs to be determined through small-scale trials based on the specific emulsion system. Detailed Description PEG400DO (Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate) is a nonionic surctant, appearing as a light yellow to amber liquid. Its HLB value is around 8.5, making it an oil-soluble emulsifier, more suitable for preparing water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, or for use in combination with high-HLB emulsifiers in oil-in-water (O/W) systems. Due to the ester bonds in its molecular structure, this product is not resistant to strong alkaline environments and may hydrolyze in formulations with excessively high pH. Therefore, the acid-base conditions of the system should be controlled during use. In practical applications, the dosage depends on the specific function required—whether used as a primary emulsifier, co-emulsifier, or wetting dispersant. General recommended dosage ranges are as follows: When used as a primary emulsifier in metalworking fluids and industrial lubricants, the recommended dosage is 5% to 15%; as a lubricating and antistatic component in textile oils, the recommended dosage is 3% to 10%; as a mild emulsifying emollient in personal care products (such as cial cleansers and makeup removers), the recommended dosage is 2% to 8%; as a dispersant and spreading agent in agrochemical formulations (emulsifiable concentrates, aqueous emulsions), the recommended dosage is 1% to 5%. The above dosage ranges are based on common industry reference values; actual formulations need to be optimized through experimentation. Technical Parameters ParameterReference ValueParameterReference Value AppearanceLight yellow to amber liquidHLB ValueAbout 8.5 Ionic TypeNonionicActive Content≥99% Density (25°C)1.11~1.13 g/cm³pH Value (1% Aqueous Solution)5.0~7.5 Saponification Value116~126 mgKOH/gAcid Value≤5.0 mgKOH/g Hydroxyl Value≤15 mgKOH/gKinematic Viscosity (25°C)100~200 mm²/s Cloud Point (1% Aqueous Solution)40~50°CFlash Point>200°C Moisture Content≤0.5%SolubilityDispersible in water, soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone Application Recommendations Metalworking Fluids/Industrial Lubricants: PEG400DO serves as an efficient oil-soluble emulsifier, helping base oils form stable emulsions in the aqueous phase. The recommended dosage is 5% to 15%, and it can be used in combination with anionic emulsifiers to enhance emulsion stability. This product also exhibits synergistic anti-corrosion properties and boundary lubrication performance, helping to extend tool life and improve workpiece surce finish. Textile Oils: As a key component of synthetic fiber spinning oils, PEG400DO provides smoothness and antistatic capabilities, reducing friction damage during fiber drawing and winding. The recommended dosage is 3% to 10%, and it can be blended with antistatic agents and bundling agents to improve the feel of the final product and ensure smooth processing. Personal Care Products: Suitable for formulations such as cial cleansers, body washes, makeup removers, and shampoos, it acts as a mild emulsifying emollient. The recommended dosage is 2% to 8%. It effectively removes dirt without excessive degreasing, leaving the skin feeling silky after washing. Due to its low HLB value, it is recommended to be used in combination with high-HLB emulsifiers (such as PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil) in O/W cleansing formulations. Agrochemical Formulations: Used in pesticide emulsifiable concentrates (EC), aqueous emulsions (EW), and microemulsions (ME) to enhance the dispersion stability of active ingredients and their wetting and spreading ability on target surces. The recommended dosage is 1% to 5%, which helps active ingredients disperse uniformly, improving efficacy and utilization rate. Precautions Not Resistant to Strong Alkali: This product contains ester bonds and is prone to hydrolysis under strong alkaline conditions. It is recommended to control the formulation pH below 7.5. If an alkaline system is required, please test its hydrolysis stability or choose an ether-type product as an alternative. Safety Protection: This product may cause skin irritation (H315), serious eye irritation (H319), and respiratory irritation (H335). Wear protective gloves, goggles, and protective clothing during operation. Avoid inhaling vapors or mists. If it gets into the eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water for several minutes and seek medical attention. Dispersion Method: PEG400DO is dispersible in water but dissolves slowly. It is recommended to fully dissolve it in the oil phase before mixing with the water phase, or to pre-emulsify it before use to achieve a more uniform dispersion effect. Compatibility Advice: As a nonionic surctant, it is compatible with anionic, cationic, and other nonionic surctants for blending. When adjusting the HLB value, it can be used together with high-HLB emulsifiers. Ecological Impact: This product is readily biodegradable but may have harmful effects on aquatic organisms. Wastewater after use should be properly treated to avoid direct discharge into natural water bodies.

Question 9

PEG400DO, Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate is mainly used in which industries and processes?

Accepted Answer

PEG400DO (Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate) is widely used in industries such as textiles, industrial lubrication, metalworking, personal care, and agricultural chemicals, where it plays a core role as a non-ionic surctant in key processes like emulsification, dispersion, wetting, and solubilization. Detailed Description PEG400DO (Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate, CAS No. 9004-96-0) is a high-performance non-ionic surctant that appears as a pale yellow to amber liquid. With its balanced hydrophilic-lipophilic properties, this product exhibits good tolerance to acidic and alkaline environments as well as hard water conditions. It also offers flexible compatibility with anionic, cationic, and other non-ionic systems, making it outstanding in a variety of industrial and consumer product formulations. Its core functions cover multiple dimensions including emulsification, dispersion, wetting, and solubilization, making it an indispensable key component in many formulations. Its low toxicity and easy biodegradability also meet the modern industry's requirements for environmental protection and sustainable development. Main Application Industries and Processes 1. Textile Industry — Spin Finish and Finishing Used as a key component in spin finish for synthetic fibers, providing lubricity and antistatic ability to prevent fiber damage during drawing and winding, ensuring smooth processing and improving the finished hand feel. It also provides smoothness and emulsion stability in finishing processes, reducing friction damage to fibers. 2. Industrial Lubrication — Water-soluble Cutting Fluids and Hydraulic Fluids Used in formulating water-soluble cutting fluids, hydraulic fluids, and extreme pressure lubricants as an efficient emulsifier and rust inhibitor. It helps stably disperse the oil phase in the aqueous phase, extending fluid service life, enhancing cooling and boundary lubrication performance, and improving boundary lubrication under extreme pressure conditions. 3. Metalworking Fluids — Turning, Milling, Grinding, and Stamping Functions as an emulsifier and wetting agent in various metalworking processes, promoting the formation of stable oil-in-water emulsions, reducing tool wear, improving machining accuracy and workpiece surce finish, while enhancing emulsion system stability and synergistic rust prevention. 4. Personal Care Products — cial Cleansers, Shower Gels, Makeup Removers, Shampoos As a mild emulsifying and emollient ingredient, it effectively removes dirt while keeping skin moisturized, avoiding excessive degreasing, and imparting a silky after-wash feel. Suitable for product formulations such as cial cleansers, shower gels, makeup removers, and shampoos. 5. Agrochemical Formulations — Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC), Oil-in-Water Emulsions (EW), Microemulsions (ME) Used in pesticide formulation to enhance the dispersion stability of active ingredients and their wetting and spreading ability on target surces, increasing penetration, thereby improving efficacy and utilization, and enhancing the uniform dispersion of active ingredients in EC and EW formulations. 6. Other Applications It can also be used as a pigment dispersant, ink additive, and industrial cleaning agent component, demonstrating its multifunctional surctant advantages. Technical Parameters ParameterValue Product TypeNon-ionic Surctant AppearancePale Yellow to Amber Liquid CAS No.9004-96-0 SynonymsPEG-8 Dioleate, PEG400 Dioleate, Polyethylene Glycol 400 Dioleate SolubilityDispersible/Emulsifiable in Water CompatibilityCompatible with Anionic, Cationic, and Other Non-ionic Surctants Acid/Alkali ResistanceGood Hard Water ResistanceGood Acute Oral ToxicityLD50 > 5000 mg/kg (Rat) BiodegradabilityReadily Biodegradable Application Recommendations In various application fields, the recommended usage of PEG400DO varies depending on the process: Textile Spin Finish: Used as a key formulation component in combination with other lubricants and antistatic agents; the optimal addition ratio should be determined through experiments. Metalworking Fluids: Used as a primary or secondary emulsifier, compatible with rust inhibitors and extreme pressure additives. Personal Care Products: Used as a mild emulsifying and emollient ingredient in rinse-off products such as cial cleansers and shower gels; skin feel tests are recommended during formulation development. Agrochemical Formulations: When used in emulsifiable concentrate and oil-in-water emulsion formulations, the dosage should be adjusted based on the properties of the active ingredient to achieve optimal dispersion stability. Precautions Avoid contact with skin and eyes during operation; avoid inhaling its vapors or mists. Thoroughly wash after handling; it is recommended to wear protective gloves, protective clothing, and eye/ce protection. If it enters the eyes, rinse carefully with water for several minutes; if wearing contact lenses, remove them before rinsing; if eye irritation persists, seek medical attention. May cause harmful effects to aquatic organisms; avoid direct discharge into water bodies. However, the product is readily biodegradable and has a relatively low overall environmental impact.

Question 10

What are the physicochemical technical parameters of PEG400DO, polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate?

Accepted Answer

PEG400DO physicochemical parameters are comprehensive, with key indicators including HLB value 8.5, diester content ≥90%, molecular weight 900~1000, making it a typical lipophilic nonionic emulsifier Detailed description PEG400DO (polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate, CAS: 9004-96-0) is a diester-type nonionic surctant formed by esterification of polyethylene glycol 400 with oleic acid. Its molecular formula can be represented as C17H33COO(CH2CH2O)nOCC17H33 (n≈8). The product appears as a light yellow to amber liquid, with an effective content ≥99%, belonging to high-purity diester products, and is chemically stable under normal storage conditions. The HLB value of this product is approximately 8.5, making it a lipophilic emulsifier that can be dispersed in water and soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone. The ester bonds in its molecular structure are prone to hydrolysis under strong alkaline conditions, so formulation design should avoid long-term coexistence with strong alkaline components. The product is a low-foaming surctant, which can reduce foam interference in industrial applications and is suitable for processes requiring rapid defoaming. With excellent emulsifying, dispersing, and wetting properties imparted by its diester structure, PEG400DO is widely used in textile oils, metalworking fluids, industrial lubricants, personal care products, and agricultural chemical formulations. The product has low ecotoxicity and is easily biodegradable. During operation, relevant GHS protective requirements should be followed to avoid direct skin and eye contact. Technical parameters Parameter nameSpecification/valueRemarks CAS number9004-96-0(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) AppearanceLight yellow to amber liquid(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Ionic typeNonionic(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Molecular weight900~1000(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Effective content≥99%(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Diester content≥90%(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Monoester content≤5%(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Free alcohol≤2%(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) HLB value8.5(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Cloud point (1% aqueous solution)40~50℃(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) pH value (1% aqueous solution)5.0~7.5(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) pH value (5% aqueous solution)4.5~7.5(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Acid value≤5.0 mg KOH/g(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Saponification value116~126 mg KOH/g(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Hydroxyl value≤15 mg KOH/g(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Iodine value55~65 g I₂/100g(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Moisture content≤0.5%(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Density1.11~1.13 g/cm³(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Kinematic viscosity (25℃)100~200 mm²/s(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Low shear viscosityApprox. 100~200 mPa·s(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Refractive index1.466~1.468(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Flash point>200℃(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Surce tension (0.1%, 25℃)Approx. 30 mN/m(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Critical micelle concentration (CMC)Approx. 1×10⁻⁴ mol/L(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) SolubilityDispersible in water, soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Foaming propertyLow foaming(Source: Guoli Chemical Product Database) Alkali resistanceNot alkali resistant, ester bonds

PEG400DO, PEG-400 Dioleate

Product Details

Applications

Properties

Safety

Product Overview

Packaging and Storage

Specialty Applications

Product Properties

Safety

GHS

Handling

Storage

First Aid

Related Products

Property	Value
CAS No.	9004-96-0
Molecular Formula	C17H33COO(CH2CH2O)nOCC17H33, n≈8
Appearance	Pale yellow to brownish-yellow liquid
Ionic Type	Nonionic
Avg. Molecular Weight	900~1000
Cloud Point	40~50 (1%aq. soln.)
Active Content	≥99%
pH Value(1%)	5.0~7.5
pH Value(5%)	4.5~7.5
Iodine Value	55~65
Solubility	Insoluble in water; soluble in ethanol and oil
Surface Tension	~30 (0.1%soln., 25°C, mN/m)
CMC	~1×10⁻⁴ mol/L
Acid Value	≤5.0
Saponification Value	116~126
Hydroxyl Value	≤15
Moisture	≤0.5
Density	1.11~1.13
Kinematic Viscosity	100~200 (25°C, mm²/s)
Refractive Index	1.466~1.468
Flash Point	>200°C
Hygroscopicity	Low
Chemical Stability	Stable under normal storage conditions
Foam Property	Low foam
Alkali Resistance	Not alkali resistant; ester bonds readily hydrolyze
Unsaturation	~2.0 mol/kg
Viscosity	30~150
Monoester Content	≤5%
Diester Content	≥90%
Low Shear Viscosity	~100~200 mPa·s
Solid Content	≥99%
Free Alcohol	≤2%
Heavy Metal	≤10 mg/kg
Arsenic	≤2 mg/kg

PEG400DO, PEG-400 Dioleate

Product Details

Applications

Properties

Safety

Product Overview

Packaging and Storage

Specialty Applications

Product Properties

Safety

GHS

Handling

Storage

First Aid

Related Products

Hydrogenated Castor Oil Ethoxylate HEL-40

G-25 Glycerol Ethoxylate 25E

G-18 Glycerol Ethoxylate

Emulsifier FM, Triethanolamine Monooleate

PEG-400DS Distearate