Question 1

Is polyethylene glycol PEG-200 harmful to the human body? Does it have any impact on the environment?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene glycol PEG-200 has low toxicity to the human body, no irritation or only very slight irritation to the skin, low ecotoxicity, and is readily biodegradable, with overall excellent safety. Detailed Explanation According to the chemical safety technical specification provided by Haian Guoli Chemical Co., Ltd., polyethylene glycol PEG-200 (CAS No.: 25322-68-3) is not classified as a hazardous chemical. From toxicological data, the rat acute oral median lethal dose (LD50) is greater than 2000 mg/kg, belonging to a low toxicity level. This product has no genotoxicity (negative in Ames test), no skin sensitization (negative in guinea pig maximization test), and its skin irritation index is only 0 to 0.5, which lls into the category of no or very slight irritation, with only slight irritation to the eyes. When used under normal industrial operation standards, it is not harmful to the human body. Although PEG-200 is mild in nature, basic protective measures are still recommended during operation: wear safety goggles and protective gloves, use in a well-ventilated area, and avoid prolonged contact with eyes and skin. If accidentally splashed into eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; for skin contact, rinse with water and soap. In terms of the environment, PEG-200 has low ecotoxicity, is readily biodegradable, and has no expected bioaccumulation, meaning it will not accumulate in organisms or magnify along the food chain. Nevertheless, according to safety regulations, it should still be avoided from entering soil, sewers, or any water bodies. In case of leakage, it should be collected using inert absorbent materials and disposed of by authorized waste treatment cilities, with strictly prohibited arbitrary discharge. Technical Parameters ItemParameter Acute oral toxicity (rat)LD50 > 2000 mg/kg (low toxicity) Skin irritation (rabbit)Irritation index 0–0.5 (no or very slight irritation) Eye irritationSlight irritation Skin sensitizationNegative (no sensitization) Genotoxicity (Ames test)Negative (no genotoxicity) EcotoxicityLow BiodegradabilityReadily biodegradable BioaccumulationNo expected bioaccumulation FlammabilityNot flammable, non-explosive Application Recommendations Given the low toxicity and excellent environmental compatibility of PEG-200, it is widely used in the following fields: Daily chemical and personal care industry: Added as a humectant and lubricant in shampoos, body washes, creams, and toothpaste, it is mild and non-irritating, imparting a smooth feel to the skin. Pharmaceutical industry: Serves as an ointment base and drug solubilizer, with high toxicological safety, suitable for pharmaceutical excipient applications. Agricultural field: Used as an emulsifier and dispersant for pesticides, with low ecotoxicity and controllable environmental impact. Industrial applications: Used in casting release agents, metalworking heat transfer fluids, and brake fluid base components, with stable and reliable chemical properties. Precautions Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse at a recommended temperature of 15°C to 30°C, and keep the container tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption. Keep away from strong acids, strong oxidants, and other incompatible substances. Do not eat, drink, or smoke during operation; wash hands thoroughly after operation. Waste disposal must comply with national and local environmental regulations; prohibited from discharging into sewers or water bodies. In case of large spillage, promptly notify the local environmental protection authorities.

Question 2

What to do if problems occur during the use of Polyethylene Glycol PEG-200? How to obtain technical support?

Accepted Answer

Don't worry if problems occur during use; you can quickly resolve them by systematically checking common ults and combining official technical support Common problems and troubleshooting methods Problems that may occur in practical applications of Polyethylene Glycol PEG-200 usually focus on the following aspects. We recommend checking step by step according to the following ideas: 1. Abnormal product state (e.g., turbidity, layering, color deepening) The normal appearance of PEG-200 should be a colorless transparent viscous liquid. If turbidity or layering occurs, the most common cause is moisture absorption or low-temperature storage. PEG-200 is hygroscopic; if the container is not sealed tightly, it will absorb moisture from the air; at the same time, the viscosity of the product increases at low temperatures, potentially showing a semi-solidified state. It is recommended to warm the product to 15°C to 30°C and check the container seal. If it remains non-transparent after warming, contamination may have occurred, and the product should be discontinued. 2. Poor emulsification or solubilization effect As a nonionic surctant, the emulsification and solubilization effect of PEG-200 is significantly influenced by dosage ratio, system pH value, and temperature. It is recommended to check whether the added amount is within the recommended range of the formulation, and also whether the system contains components incompatible with PEG-200, such as strong acids or strong oxidants. Adjusting the addition order appropriately (usually recommended to pre-dissolve in the aqueous phase) can also help improve the effect. 3. Uneven dispersion or sedimentation If sedimentation occurs in scenarios such as dye or pigment dispersion, it may be due to insufficient PEG-200 dosage or inadequate stirring. It is recommended to extend the stirring time and confirm whether the added amount of PEG-200 meets the formulation design requirements. 4. Skin irritation or discomfort reactions According to the safety data sheet, the skin irritation index of PEG-200 is 0 to 0.5, which is non-irritating or very mildly irritating. If discomfort occurs during use, immediately follow first aid measures: for skin contact, rinse with plenty of water and soap; for eye contact, rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention. At the same time, recheck whether other components in the formulation contain allergens. How to obtain technical support If the problem persists after troubleshooting, you can obtain official technical support from Hailan Guo Li Chemical Co., Ltd. through the following channels: Official contact methods: Contact the sales manager or customer service department of Guo Li Chemical, providing the product batch number, purchase date, and a detailed problem description. The technical team will provide targeted solutions. Product testing services: If batch quality issues are suspected, request to send samples back to Guo Li Chemical for quality re-inspection to verify whether the product meets the specification standards (CAS No.: 25322-68-3). Formulation optimization suggestions: The technical team of Guo Li Chemical can provide suggestions for optimizing the formulation and usage process of PEG-200 based on your specific application scenarios (daily chemicals, pharmaceuticals, industrial casting, chemical synthesis, etc.). On-site technical guidance: For large-scale applications or complex process issues, arrangements can be made for technical personnel to conduct on-site investigation and guidance. Please prepare the following information before contacting technical support Product name and batch number (see product packaging label) Purchase date and quantity Specific situation of the problem (including application field, usage conditions, step where abnormality occurred) Current state of the problematic product (photos or samples recommended) Troubleshooting measures already taken and results Preparing this information in advance will help the technical team quickly locate the root cause of the problem and shorten the resolution time. For urgent situations, it is also recommended to refer to the first aid measures and spill handling sections in the product safety data sheet to ensure personnel safety and environmental protection.

Question 3

How to purchase polyethylene glycol PEG-200? What is the minimum order quantity?

Accepted Answer

To purchase polyethylene glycol PEG-200, you can contact the Guoli Chemical sales team to obtain the latest quotation and ordering plan. The specific minimum order quantity is not yet publicly available. Detailed Description Polyethylene glycol PEG-200 is one of the core products of Guoli Chemical. It is a non-ionic surctant widely used in daily chemicals, pharmaceuticals, industrial casting and other fields. Since the prices of chemical raw materials fluctuate greatly due to market conditions, raw material costs, purchase volumes and other ctors, the official suggestion is to directly contact the sales team to obtain real-time quotations and confirm the minimum order quantity to ensure the most vorable business terms. According to the official information of Guoli Chemical, the conventional packaging specifications of PEG-200 include 50kg plastic drums, 200kg plastic drums and IBC totes. Users can choose the appropriate packaging according to their actual usage requirements. Usually, under industry practice, the minimum order quantity may be based on the minimum packaging unit or full truck load tonnage, but the specific minimum order quantity shall be subject to the commercial contract between both parties. Packaging Specification Reference Packaging TypeSpecificationApplication Scenario Plastic Drum50kg/drumSmall batch trial, laboratory or small-scale production Plastic Drum200kg/drumMedium batch procurement, regular industrial production needs IBC ToteApproximately 1000kg/drumLarge batch procurement, continuous production use Purchase Process Suggestions It is recommended to complete the inquiry and ordering through the following steps: Visit the official website of Guoli Chemical or call the sales hotline to clarify the required product model (PEG-200), CAS number (25322-68-3), and estimated monthly/annual usage. The sales engineer will provide a formal quotation (time-effective quotation), minimum order quantity, delivery time and other information according to your needs. After confirming the order, sign a purchase and sale contract, and arrange logistics for delivery (Guoli Chemical products support nationwide and some overseas supply). Notes The above price information is for reference only. The actual transaction price shall be subject to the formal quotation issued by the Guoli Chemical sales team. It is recommended to request the product quality certificate (COA) and Safety Data Sheet (SDS) before purchase, so as to fully understand the product specifications and storage and transportation requirements. PEG-200 is hygroscopic. After receipt, it should be sealed and stored in a cool and dry place (recommended temperature 15°C to 30°C), away from fire and strong oxidants.

Question 4

Does polyethylene glycol PEG-200 meet environmental requirements? Can you provide a test report?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene glycol PEG-200 meets conventional environmental requirements, with low ecotoxicity and easy biodegradability Detailed Explanation Polyethylene glycol PEG-200 (CAS No.: 25322-68-3) is explicitly defined as an environmentally friendly nonionic surctant in the product database of Haian Guoli Chemical Co., Ltd. According to the data in Sections 2 and 8 of its Safety Data Sheet, this product has low ecotoxicity, poses no significant harm to aquatic organisms, and is easily biodegradable, with no expected bioaccumulation in organisms. This means that under normal use and compliant discharge conditions, PEG-200 will not cause persistent pollution to water bodies, soil, or other ecological environments, aligning with the basic environmental protection concepts of green chemistry and sustainable development. From a toxicological and ecological perspective, PEG-200 has an acute oral toxicity (rat) LD50 greater than 2000 mg/kg, classifying it as a low-toxicity substance; the Ames test result is negative, indicating no genotoxicity; and the skin sensitization test is also negative. These data show that the product poses very low health risks to humans and can be gradually degraded into harmless substances through natural microbial action in the environment, without generating toxic intermediates during degradation. National and local environmental regulations generally recognize such low-toxicity, easily biodegradable nonionic surctants, and an increasing number of industrial formulations choose PEG series as environmentally friendly alternatives. Technical Parameters (Environmentally Relevant Indicators) Test ItemTechnical IndicatorEnvironmental Significance EcotoxicityLowSafe for aquatic organisms, minimal environmental impact BiodegradabilityEasily biodegradableNaturally decomposes in the environment, does not persist BioaccumulationNo expected bioaccumulationDoes not accumulate through the food chain Acute Oral Toxicity (Rat)LD50 > 2000 mg/kgLow toxicity, low health risk to humans Genotoxicity (Ames Test)NegativeNo mutagenic risk Heavy Metal Content≤10 mg/kgComplies with conventional industrial environmental standards Arsenic Content≤2 mg/kgStrict control of harmful element content Active Content≥99%High purity, reduces potential environmental impact of impurities Moisture Content≤0.5%Stable product, does not generate harmful hydrolysates during storage Regarding Test Reports According to the Safety Data Sheet in the Guoli Chemical product database, PEG-200 is already equipped with a complete Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS/SDS), which includes key environmental and safety data such as ecological information and toxicological information. This product is not classified as a hazardous chemical under national chemical classification standards. The database records detailed toxicological test data (such as acute oral toxicity, skin irritation, skin sensitization, Ames test, etc.), all of which serve as data support for the product's environmental and safety performance. However, it should be noted that the database does not currently have detailed records of independent environmental test report numbers, issuance dates, or specific certification standards (such as OECD 301 series biodegradation test reports) issued by third-party testing agencies. If you need formal environmental test report documents, it is recommended to directly contact the Guoli Chemical sales or technical team to obtain test certificates issued by qualified testing agencies, or request the Certificate of Analysis (COA) for specific batches, which usually includes actual measured data for environmentally relevant indicators such as heavy metal and arsenic content. Application Suggestions Given the low ecotoxicity and easy biodegradability of PEG-200, this product is highly suitable for formulations with strict environmental requirements, such as green cosmetics, environmentally friendly coatings, bio-based inks, and pharmaceutical excipients. If you are conducting product environmental compliance assessments or environmental certification applications for exported products, you can directly cite the toxicological and ecological data from the above database as support; if you need more authoritative third-party test reports, it is recommended to submit a written request to Guoli Chemical to obtain test documents for specific batches. Precautions Although PEG-200 has low ecotoxicity, still avoid large spills into water bodies or soil during operation to prevent short-term impacts on microbial communities due to localized high concentrations. Waste disposal must comply with national and local environmental regulations and be handled at authorized waste treatment cilities; direct discharge into sewers or natural water bodies is strictly prohibited. This product data is sourced from the Guoli Chemical database; specific test reports need to be requested separately. Please refer to the actual batch report for final confirmation.

Question 5

What are the advantages of polyethylene glycol PEG-200 compared to other similar products?

Accepted Answer

According to technical data from Guoli Chemical, the core advantage of polyethylene glycol PEG-200 lies in its identity as a non-ionic surctant that combines **multifunctionality, high chemical inertness, and excellent safety**. Compared to other similar products, it does not merely serve as a single-function additive but can play multiple roles such as solubilizer, humectant, lubricant, dispersant, and synthetic intermediate. Its specific advantages are mainly reflected in the following aspects: - **Excellent emulsification and solubilization** PEG-200 can effectively reduce the intercial tension between different liquid phases, promoting the stable dissolution and uniform mixing of difficult-to-dissolve substances. For example, in liquid preparations, flavors and fragrances, and ink coating systems, it significantly improves component compatibility and stability, making it an ideal high-efficiency co-solvent. - **Excellent wetting and dispersing functions** This product can significantly improve the wetting state of solid particles in liquid media, preventing sedimentation and flocculation. In the fields of dyes, pigments, and ceramic processing, it ensures a high degree of formulation uniformity. - **Superior chemical stability and compatibility** PEG-200 is resistant to acids, alkalis, and hard water, and hardly reacts with most chemicals under a wide range of working conditions, ensuring reliable system performance. More importantly, it has good compatibility with anionic, cationic, and other non-ionic surctants, providing great formulation flexibility as a core compounding agent. - **Extremely high application safety** As a leader among similar products, the safety of PEG-200 has been fully verified. Its toxicological data shows that **the oral median lethal dose (LD50) in rats is greater than 2000 mg/kg, indicating low toxicity; the skin irritation index is 0 to 0.5, meaning no or very slight irritation; and it is non-sensitizing and non-genotoxic.** Additionally, it has low ecotoxicity and is easily biodegradable, meeting increasingly stringent environmental regulations and the strict requirements of the personal care industry for mild, low-irritation raw materials. - **Key value as a synthetic intermediate** With flexible ethoxy chains in its molecular segments, PEG-200 is not only a physical additive but also an important chemical synthetic intermediate that can participate in esterification, etherification, and other reactions to produce specialty surctants, polyurethane resins, and plasticizers. This advantage is not possessed by many similar products that only have single physical functions. Below are its main technical parameters and application guidelines: | Item | Specification and Description | | :--- | :--- | | **Product Name** | Polyethylene Glycol PEG-200 | | **CAS No.** | 25322-68-3 | | **Type** | Non-ionic Surctant | | **Appearance** | Colorless transparent viscous liquid | | **Core Characteristics** | Solubilization, emulsification, dispersion, moisture retention, chemical inertness, safe and low irritation | | **Acute Toxicity** | Low toxicity, LD50 (rat oral) > 2000 mg/kg | **Application Recommendations** Based on the performance advantages of PEG-200, it can be the preferred choice in the following fields: - **Daily chemical care**: As a humectant and lubricant, its low irritation makes it particularly suitable for use in shampoos, body washes, creams, and serums. - **Pharmaceutical industry**: With its high safety and solubility-enhancing properties, it can be used as an ointment base or drug solubilizer. - **Industrial applications**: In metalworking and casting, its chemical stability and lubricity are core advantages as a key component in high-temperature mold release agents. When using or storing, it is recommended to keep the container sealed in a cool, dry place (**recommended temperature 15-30°C**), and avoid coexistence with strong oxidants to prevent moisture absorption.

Question 6

How to store polyethylene glycol PEG-200? What is the shelf life?

Accepted Answer

PEG-200 should be stored sealed in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place; recommended temperature 15–30°C; under compliant storage conditions, the shelf life is typically 2 years. Detailed Explanation Polyethylene glycol PEG-200 is chemically stable but highly hygroscopic. Therefore, the key point for storage is moisture-proof sealing. The product itself is non-flammable and non-explosive, not classified as dangerous chemicals, making storage relatively safe and simple. It is important to note that prolonged exposure to air will cause PEG-200 to absorb moisture, potentially leading to decreased purity and performance degradation. Regarding shelf life, the product database of Guoli Chemical does not explicitly specify the exact shelf life of PEG-200. According to industry general standards, the shelf life for polyethylene glycol series products, when unopened and strictly following storage requirements, is generally 2 years from the date of manucture. It is recommended that users refer to the production batch number and expiration date on the product packaging. After opening, use as soon as possible and seal immediately after each use. Storage Conditions Overview Storage ElementSpecific Requirement Storage TemperatureRecommended 15°C to 30°C (cool environment) Environmental RequirementsDry, well-ventilated, avoid moisture Container SealingMust keep container sealed to prevent moisture absorption Recommended Container MaterialStainless steel, polyethylene (PE), or epoxy-lined carbon steel container Substances to AvoidStrong acids, strong oxidizers, and other incompatible chemicals Fire Protection RequirementsNon-flammable, any fire extinguishing medium is suitable (water spray, dry powder, carbon dioxide, foam) Storage AreaShould have spill containment cilities, away from ignition sources Application Recommendations To ensure PEG-200 maintains optimal performance during its usage cycle, it is recommended: Sub-packaging Management: When purchasing in large quantities, divide into smaller containers according to estimated usage to reduce the moisture absorption risk from frequent opening of the main package. First-In, First-Out: Follow the principle of "first in, first out" to avoid uncertain quality due to prolonged storage. After Opening: Seal immediately after taking material. If any abnormal phenomena such as turbidity, layering, or odor are found, stop use and conduct quality testing. Keep Labels: Always retain labels and batch number information on the original product packaging for traceability and emergency reference. Precautions The product database does not explicitly mark shelf life data. The above 2-year shelf life is an industry general reference value. Please refer to the product ctory inspection report and packaging markings for specifics. If the storage temperature is too low (below 10°C), PEG-200 may experience increased viscosity or slight crystallization. This is a physical change. After warming to room temperature and stirring evenly, it can still be used normally without affecting product quality. Do not discharge into sewers, soil, or any water bodies during disposal. Dispose of in authorized waste treatment cilities in accordance with regulations. In case of major leakage, contain the source of leakage, prevent entry into sewers or water bodies, and promptly notify environmental protection authorities.

Question 7

What safety precautions should be taken when using polyethylene glycol PEG-200?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene glycol PEG-200 is classified as low toxicity and non-hazardous chemical, but basic industrial hygiene standards must still be followed, with particular attention to eye protection, hygroscopic storage prevention, and spill control. Hazard Overview PEG-200 is not classified as a hazardous chemical and has high inherent safety. In terms of health, this substance has low toxicity, with an acute oral toxicity (rat) LD50 greater than 2000 mg/kg. It causes no or only very slight skin irritation (rabbit skin irritation index 0 to 0.5), and is slightly irritating to the eyes. It is not skin sensitizing (negative guinea pig maximization test result) and not genotoxic (negative Ames test). Physicochemically, this substance is non-flammable and non-explosive. Ecologically, it has low ecotoxicity, is readily biodegradable, and is not expected to bioaccumulate. Handling and Personal Protection Although PEG-200 is mild in nature, appropriate personal protective equipment, including safety goggles and protective gloves, should be worn during handling. General work clothing is sufficient. Operations should be carried out in well-ventilated areas to ensure air circulation. Avoid prolonged contact with eyes and skin during handling. Do not eat, drink, or smoke. After handling, thoroughly wash hands and exposed skin, and follow good industrial hygiene practices. Storage Requirements PEG-200 should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse. The recommended storage temperature is 15°C to 30°C. Containers must be kept tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption (PEG-200 is somewhat hygroscopic). Keep away from incompatible materials such as strong acids and strong oxidizing agents. Corrosion-resistant storage containers, such as stainless steel, polyethylene, or carbon steel with epoxy lining, are recommended. The storage area should be equipped with spill containment cilities. Emergency Response Measures First Aid Measures Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing and immediately flush the affected area with plenty of water and soap. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. Eye contact: Immediately flush eyelids with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation persists or vision is affected, seek medical attention immediately. Inhalation: Move the person to fresh air and keep them breathing comfortably. If breathing difficulties occur, administer oxygen. If symptoms persist, seek medical attention. Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention immediately and show the product container or label. Firefighting Measures This substance is non-flammable and non-explosive, suitable for any extinguishing medium (water fog, dry powder, carbon dioxide, foam). However, in a fire, combustion or thermal decomposition may produce irritating or toxic gases. Firefighters should wear self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Spill Handling For small spills, use inert absorbent material to absorb and collect in a suitable container for disposal. For large spills, contain the source of the leak to prevent entry into drains or water bodies, and use pumps or appropriate tools to transfer to a spare container for recovery or disposal. When cleaning the spill area, avoid generating excessive splashing to prevent slippery surces. If environmental contamination has occurred, immediately notify the local environmental protection authority. Evacuate non-essential personnel and isolate the spill area. Disposal Disposal must comply with all national, regional, and local environmental regulations. Incineration or other appropriate treatment should be carried out at authorized waste treatment cilities. Do not discharge this substance into drains, soil, or any water bodies. Special Reminder The above safety information is compiled based on currently available data and is intended only to guide health, safety, and environmental considerations for safe handling and use. Users should conduct risk assessments based on actual use conditions and develop corresponding control measures.

Question 8

How to use Polyethylene Glycol PEG-200? What is the recommended dosage?

Accepted Answer

The usage of Polyethylene Glycol PEG-200 varies by application area, with a typical addition range of 1% to 30%, depending on the formulation system and functional requirements. Detailed Description Polyethylene Glycol PEG-200 is a colorless transparent viscous liquid nonionic surctant with good water solubility and chemical inertness. Before use, ensure the product is well-sealed and free from moisture absorption or deterioration. It can be directly added at room temperature. If viscosity increases or crystallization occurs in low-temperature environments, gently preheat it under 25°C~40°C conditions to restore fluidity before use. Do not heat directly with an open flame. There are two main methods for adding PEG-200: Direct Addition Method and Premix Method. The direct addition method is suitable for aqueous systems: slowly add PEG-200 to the system under stirring until evenly dispersed. The premix method is suitable for use with oil phases or hard-to-dissolve components: first mix PEG-200 with the solubilizate evenly, then gradually add to the main system. When used as a synthesis intermediate, follow the specific synthesis process's feed ratio and reaction conditions. Since PEG-200 is hygroscopic, seal the container immediately after use to avoid prolonged exposure to air, which may cause moisture absorption. It is recommended to wear protective gloves and goggles during operation and use in a well-ventilated environment. Recommended Dosage by Application Area Application AreaFunctionRecommended Dosage (wt%)Notes Cosmetics and Personal CareHumectant, Lubricant1%~10%Usually 2%~5% in shampoos and body washes; up to 5%~10% in creams Liquid Formulations and FragrancesSolubilizer, Cosolvent5%~20%Adjust based on the nature of the solubilizate and required solubility Pesticide FormulationsEmulsifying Dispersant3%~15%Compounding with other surctants yields better results Inks and CoatingsSolvent, Wetting Agent2%~10%Improves pigment dispersion and system fluidity Dye and Pigment ProcessingDispersant, Carrier5%~30%Used for pigment pre-dispersion and color paste preparation Rubber and Plastic Mold ReleaseMold Release Component10%~30%Usually formulated into aqueous solutions or emulsions for use Chemical SynthesisSynthesis IntermediateBy reaction equivalentDetermined by molecular design of the target product and esterification/etherification stoichiometry Heat Transfer Fluids/Brake FluidsBase ComponentAs per formulation designAs one of the basic components, the ratio is determined by overall performance requirements Note: The above dosages are general industry reference ranges. The Guoli Chemical product database does not provide precise recommended dosage parameters for each application area. In practice, it is recommended to determine the optimal dosage through small-scale experiments to achieve desired performance and cost balance. Application Recommendations PEG-200 has good compatibility with anionic, cationic, and other nonionic surctants. In practical formulations, it is often used in combination with other surctants to achieve synergistic effects. For example, in pesticide emulsification systems, compounding PEG-200 with anionic emulsifiers can significantly enhance emulsion stability and dispersion uniformity; in daily chemical products, combining it with other humectants (such as glycerin) can enhance moisture retention and improve skin feel. For first-time users, it is recommended to use the gradient test method: start from the low end of the recommended range, gradually increase the dosage, observe changes in product performance, and find the minimum effective dosage that meets requirements, achieving the best balance between economy and functionality. Precautions Moisture Protection: PEG-200 is highly hygroscopic. Use promptly after opening and seal at all times. Prolonged exposure to humid air will increase the product's water content, affecting its performance. Temperature Control: Recommended storage temperature is 15°C~30°C. Excessive temperatures may accelerate oxidation, while very low temperatures may significantly increase viscosity, affecting ease of handling. Compatibility Verification: For complex formulation systems, it is recommended to conduct small-scale compatibility tests in advance, especially when the formulation contains strong acids, strong oxidizers, etc., to confirm that the chemical stability of PEG-200 is not affected. Safety Protection: Although PEG-200 has very low toxicity and mild irritation, it is still recommended to wear protective gloves and safety glasses during operation to avoid prolonged eye and skin contact. Prohibitions: Do not eat, drink, or smoke during operation. After operation, thoroughly wash hands and exposed skin.

Question 9

What are the main industries and processes in which Polyethylene Glycol PEG-200 is applied?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene Glycol PEG-200, with its excellent emulsifying, solubilizing, wetting, and chemical stability, is widely used in dozens of process steps across multiple industries including daily chemical care, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, industrial casting, chemical synthesis, textile printing and dyeing, among others. Detailed Description Polyethylene Glycol PEG-200 (CAS No.: 25322-68-3) is a typical nonionic surctant, appearing as a colorless, transparent viscous liquid. Due to its high chemical inertness, good toxicological safety, and easy biodegradability, PEG-200 is used as a high-performance excipient and processing aid in many industrial fields. The ethoxy chain segment in its molecular structure imparts a unique hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance, enabling it to function as both a solvent and solubilizer, while also providing moisturizing, lubricating, and dispersing properties. From an industry distribution perspective, the end applications of PEG-200 cover more than ten major industrial sectors, including daily chemical care, pharmaceuticals and medical, pesticide formulations, rubber and plastics, metal processing, coatings and inks, textile printing and dyeing, and ceramic processing. In different process scenarios, PEG-200 plays multiple roles such as solvent, solubilizer, humectant, lubricant, dispersant, mold release agent component, heat transfer fluid base component, and chemical synthesis intermediate. It is worth emphasizing that PEG-200 has good compatibility with anionic, cationic, and other nonionic surctants, which gives it high application flexibility in complex composite formulation systems. For example, in daily chemical products, it can serve as both a humectant and a viscosity modifier; in pesticide formulations, it can simultaneously function as an emulsifier/dispersant and a synergistic co-solvent. Technical and Application Parameters Application IndustryFunctional RoleTypical Process/Product Daily Chemical CareHumectant, Lubricant, Viscosity ModifierShampoo, Shower Gel, Creams, Toothpaste Pharmaceuticals and MedicalSolvent, Solubilizer, Ointment BaseLiquid Formulations, Topical Ointments, Drug Solubilization Systems Pesticide FormulationsEmulsifier, Dispersant, Synergistic AdjuvantEmulsifiable Concentrates, Suspension Concentrates, Emulsions, etc. Industrial Casting and MetalworkingMold Release Agent Component, High-Temperature LubricantMold Release for Castings, Metal Cutting Lubrication, Heat Transfer Fluids Chemical SynthesisSynthesis Intermediate, Reaction SolventEsterification/Etherification Reactions, Specialty Surctant Synthesis, Plasticizer Preparation Coatings and InksSolvent, Solubilizer, Dispersion MediumWater-Based Coatings, Printing Inks, Flavor and Fragrance Carriers Textile Printing and DyeingMoisturizing Softener, Auxiliary CarrierFiber Softening Treatment, Dye Dispersion, Textile Auxiliary Compounding Rubber and PlasticsMold Release Base Component, Softening AgentRubber Mold Release, Plastic Processing Lubrication Ceramics and DyesDispersant, Carrier MediumCeramic Slurry Dispersion, Dye/Pigment Homogenization Processing TransportationHeat Transfer Fluid, Brake Fluid Base ComponentIndustrial Heat Transfer Systems, Brake Fluid Formulations Application Recommendations Daily Chemical and Pharmaceutical Fields: It is recommended to add PEG-200 as a humectant and co-solvent directly into the formulation system. The conventional addition amount can be adjusted between 1% and 15% depending on the product type. In pharmaceutical preparations, strict adherence to pharmaceutical grade quality standards is required to ensure compliance with relevant pharmacopoeia requirements. Industrial Processing Fields: When used as a mold release agent component, it is recommended to compound it with other functional additives for optimal release effect; when used as a heat transfer fluid base component, attention should be paid to its low volatility advantage within the recommended temperature range (-15°C to above 200°C). Chemical Synthesis Field: Utilizing the terminal hydroxyl reactivity of PEG-200, it can participate in esterification, etherification, and other reactions to prepare specialty nonionic surctants with specific HLB values. It is recommended to control the reaction temperature and catalyst dosage during synthesis to optimize product distribution. Precautions PEG-200 is hygroscopic; always keep the container sealed during storage. The recommended storage temperature is between 15°C and 30°C, avoiding prolonged exposure to air. Although this product has extremely low toxicity (acute oral LD50 > 2000 mg/kg), it is still recommended to wear safety goggles and protective gloves during operation, and use in a well-ventilated environment. Avoid contact or co-storage with incompatible substances such as strong acids and strong oxidizing agents. If accidentally splashed into eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if necessary. Disposal must comply with local environmental regulations; do not discharge into drains, soil, or any water bodies.

Question 10

What are the physicochemical technical parameters of polyethylene glycol PEG-200?

Accepted Answer

Physicochemical Technical Parameters of Polyethylene Glycol PEG-200 - Based on Guoli Chemical Product Database Detailed Description Polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG-200) is a typical non-ionic surctant, appearing as a colorless, transparent, viscous liquid. Its chemical name is α-hydro-ω-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), with CAS number 25322-68-3. This product exhibits excellent chemical inertness and multifunctionality, outstanding chemical stability, resistance to acids, alkalis, and hard water, and does not react with most chemicals under a wide range of working conditions. According to the Guoli Chemical product database, PEG-200 has high toxicological safety and is classified as a low-toxicity substance: acute oral toxicity LD50 >2000 mg/kg (rat), no or only very slight skin irritation, slight eye irritation, no skin sensitization, and no genotoxicity. Ecologically, the product has low ecotoxicity, is readily biodegradable, and is not expected to bioaccumulate. Please note: The Guoli Chemical product database does not provide a detailed table of physicochemical numerical parameters for PEG-200 (such as specific values for density, viscosity, pH value, hydroxyl value, molecular weight, etc.). The following are general industry reference parameters for polyethylene glycol 200 for your reference. Specific batch data should be based on the Certificate of Analysis (COA) issued by Guoli Chemical. Technical Parameters Parameter Item Typical Value / Description Appearance Colorless, transparent, viscous liquid CAS Number 25322-68-3 Average Molecular Weight 190 ~ 210 Hydroxyl Value (mg KOH/g) 534 ~ 590 Viscosity (25°C, mPa·s) Approx. 55 ~ 65 Density (20°C, g/cm³) Approx. 1.12 ~ 1.13 Freezing Point / Pour Point Approx. -50°C (supercooled liquid, does not crystallize at low temperatures) Boiling Point (atmospheric pressure) >200°C (decomposition temperature higher) Flash Point (open cup) Approx. 170 ~ 180°C pH Value (5% aqueous solution) 4.0 ~ 7.0 Solubility in Water Miscible with water in all proportions HLB Value Approx. 9 ~ 10 (theoretical estimate) Vapor Pressure (20°C) Very low (negligible) Note: The above values are general industry reference data, sourced from public literature. Guoli Chemical's database does not contain these specific parameters. Please refer to the inspection report provided with the goods by Guoli Chemical for actual product specifications. Application Suggestions Based on PEG-200's moderate molecular weight and excellent solubility, the following application scenarios are recommended: Personal Care: Used as a humectant and lubricant in shampoos, body washes, creams, and toothpaste, providing a smooth skin feel. Recommended addition amount: 1%~5%. Pharmaceutical Industry: Acts as an ointment base and drug solubilizer, effectively enhancing the bioavailability of active ingredients. Agrochemical Formulations: Serves as an emulsifying and dispersing agent to help uniformly disperse active pesticide ingredients, improving efficacy. Industrial Casting: Used as a key component in mold release agents and as a heat transfer fluid, providing excellent high-temperature lubricity. Chemical Synthesis: Acts as an ethoxylation intermediate, participating in esterification, etherification, and other reactions to produce specialty surctants and plasticizers. Precautions Recommended storage temperature: 15°C to 30°C. Keep container tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption. It is recommended to wear safety goggles and protective gloves during operation. Use in a well-ventilated area. Avoid contact with incompatible substances such as strong acids and strong oxidizers. Storage containers should be made of stainless steel, polyethylene, or epoxy-lined carbon steel. In case of accidental eye contact, rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if necessary. Although the product is low-toxicity and mild, good industrial hygiene practices should still be followed during handling.

Property	Value
CAS No.	25322-68-3
Molecular Formula	HO(C2H4O)nH, n≈4
Appearance	Colorless transparent liquid
Ionic Type	Nonionic
Avg. Molecular Weight	190-210
Cloud Point	>100°C
Active Content	≥99%
pH Value(1%)	5.0~7.0
pH Value(5%)	4.5~7.5
Iodine Value	≤0.1
Solubility	Readily soluble in water, ethanol and acetone
Surface Tension	44~45 mN/m
Acid Value	≤0.5
Saponification Value	≤1.0
Hydroxyl Value	267-295
Moisture	≤0.5
Density	1.11~1.13
Kinematic Viscosity	50~65 mm²/s (25°C)
Refractive Index	1.466~1.468
Flash Point	≥155°C
Hygroscopicity	Hygroscopic
Chemical Stability	Stable
Foam Property	Low foam
Alkali Resistance	Stable
Unsaturation	≤0.1 mmol/g
Viscosity	60~80 mPa·s (25°C)
Melting Point	-65°C
Low Shear Viscosity	60~80 mPa·s
Solid Content	≥99%
Free Alcohol	≤0.1%
Heavy Metal	≤10 mg/kg
Arsenic	≤2 mg/kg

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